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CSV
Lesson
Incomplete registration and compliance monitoring and unjustified ceilings on the number of eligible beneficiaries can limit the outreach and transformative potential of conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs. Unde the Philippines' CCT, all target beneficiaries and children within 4Ps households should be registered and monitored.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To support an effective and sustainable exit strategy for beneficiaries, CCTs must strengthen the productive capacity of poor households. With the Philippines CCT law’s 7-year ceiling on duration of family participation,it will be important to communicate clearly with beneficiaries on their co-responsibilities and establish referral pathways.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Building systems and organizational capacity is critical to the success of social assistance programs. Moving beyond a pilot to a national CCTprogram requires establishing project management structures, robust systems for information management, accountability mechanisms, and significant human resources. Despite impressive growth, the Philippines' CCT program faced challenges as it expanded nationally.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Institutional and legal frameworks help ensure program and funding sustainability, continuity across political regimes, adequacy and predictability of benefits, and accountability during budget processes. Importantly, these frameworks should provide sufficient flexibility to allow programs to adapt, particularly during times of crises such as COVID-19, and to improve based on socioeconomic trends. For instance,a key feature of the 4Ps law provides for a mechanism to periodically review and adjust benefit levels.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Monitoring and evaluation is crucial to continually improving program design. ADB has provided valuable support to impact evaluations of the Philippines' CCT program since 2010. These have helped identify progress as well as challenges requiring attention. For example, the lack of impact on children’s immunization rates requires revisiting the health conditionalities for all CCT beneficiary children. Similarly, reported school attendance rates remain high without necessarily being affected by the program.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Enhancement of conditional cash transfer programs (CCTs) needs continuing innovation. ADB-supported innovations have also helped strengthen the Philippines’ CCT. The digitally supported Pantawid Pamilya Information System, compliance verification, and grievance redress mechanism brought the program well within reach of the beneficiaries. Additionally, ADB’s continued support to the proxy means test models used for identifying beneficiaries and impact evaluation has ensured a data-driven approach to measuring progress and informing program implementation.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Enforcement of CCT program conditionalities should be continuously reviewed and improved. Enforcement of health conditionalities under the Philippines' CCT program is hampered by low registration of new births and compounded by manual data collection procedures for compliance verification. The executing agency may need to review program conditions so that the checklist of conditions includes reporting all births and submitting data for all children in the household.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Social protection can be integrated with broader digital and financial inclusion. Strengthening social protection payment delivery systems can promote broader financial inclusion goals, allowing poor and vulnerable populations to save, borrow, and better plan consumption and investment decisions. In this way, social protection can be an effective tool not just to reduce poverty and build resilience, but also to promote economic empowerment and social inclusion. This requires expanding IT solutions, digital payment options, and financial literacy training for program beneficiaries.

Project Number: 43407-013
Project Name: Social Protection Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of a project performance management system (PPMS) could create difficulties in providing basis for the estimation of a project’s economic benefits. Therefore, a well-functioning PPMS helps provide data for more accurate EIRR estimates and the development impacts of road projects.

Project Number: 41076-044
Project Name: Road Improvement and Institutional Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
More careful assessment of results of institutional capacity reviews during project processing could avoid major revision of project components dealing with institutional capacity.

Project Number: 41076-044
Project Name: Road Improvement and Institutional Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project implementation highlights the importance of increased accountability and ownership by all stakeholders in achieving the project’s intended outcome. This, along with a well-designed capacity building intervention for implementing agencies, would help facilitate timely implementation and achievement of project results. Complex projects with many components and a wide geographical coverage require a high level of government commitment and ownership.

Project Number: 37749-013
Project Name: Agrarian Reform Communities Project II
Report Date:
Lesson
Ensuring that an acceptable cost-sharing arrangement is in place at the outset, prior to project launch, can help minimize project risks. The rural infrastructure component comprising 80% of total actual project cost was not achieved largely as the LGUs were unable to raise the required counterpart contributions. Moreover, it is essential that appropriate due diligence and risk assessment are undertaken and that risk mitigation measures concerning the financial capability of participating local governments are identified at the outset.

Project Number: 37749-013
Project Name: Agrarian Reform Communities Project II
Report Date:
Lesson
Greater effort early on to define targeted outcomes and using a well-structured framework can yield a better tool to assess program results. The results framework presenting clarity in project design, well-defined outcomes, and outputs with appropriate targets and indicators, is imperative in monitoring project achievements. This is necessary to help provide clear assessment and guidance on how to systematically track progress especially on how success will be assessed.

Project Number: 48458-001, 48458-003
Project Name: Expanding Private Participation in Infrastructure Program
Report Date:
Lesson
To ensure the formulation of a well-grounded design, a thorough preparatory assessment could be undertaken by including the political environment and the risk of corruption in a country. In cases where corruption is perceived as being high, support for better performance and greater accountability in public financial management systems plays a crucial role.

Project Number: 48458-001, 48458-003
Project Name: Expanding Private Participation in Infrastructure Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Project staff training and engagement of full-time, qualified specialists throughout the project period are important to ensure project compliance to ADB safeguard requirements.

Project Number: 37749-013
Project Name: Agrarian Reform Communities Project II
Report Date:
CSV