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CSV
Lesson
Lack of capacity in governmen to continue reforms without external support puts the sustainability of reform projects' outputs at risk. Reforming the sector requires strong ownership and commitment in terms of providing sufficient financing and policy changes to support the reform. Some project outputs—including the textbook rental scheme and textbook provision, online training modules and attestation for teachers, curricula review system, and financing of innovative schools' additional functions—are incomplete as the government still has not implemented them countrywide.

Project Number: 46537-002
Project Name: Strengthening Education System Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The sector development program modality proved to be effective in helping the government to reform the education sector. It responded to the sector's major problem of insufficient financing, with the policy-based grant providing the government financial incentives to reform the sector. The project component effectively supported the implementation of policy reforms. Some project initiatives are not yet fully functional and the government needs further support to accomplish these. Supporting technical assistance could address this.

Project Number: 46537-002
Project Name: Strengthening Education System Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Ensuring the direct link between supported activities, outputs, and outcome, and relevance of their indicators is critical. For example, this program failed to achieve or achieved only in part some outcome indicators even though all planned outputs were delivered.

Project Number: 46537-002
Project Name: Strengthening Education System Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 54183-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 54156-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Demand-led implementation and strong ownership and consistent government support are critical to the success of financial market reform programs. All stakeholders demonstrated strong commitment to the reform agenda, which led to timely and complete implementation. Sufficient assessment at program appraisal ensured that the strategic objectives of stakeholders were aligned with development objectives.

Project Number: 51252-003, 51252-004, 51252-005
Project Name: Financial Market Development Program
(Subprograms 1; 2; and 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
A structured, holistic, and sequential approach, backed by a comprehensive, medium- to long-term program and sufficient technical assistance (TA,) is critical to the success of financial market reforms. A wide range of reforms covering key pillars of the financial system was incorporated in this program nto enhance legislation, improve regulatory frameworks, introduce new initiatives, and support sustainable capacity building using a structured and sequential approach over the medium term.

Project Number: 51252-003, 51252-004, 51252-005
Project Name: Financial Market Development Program
(Subprograms 1; 2; and 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
Design and monitoring frameworks (DMFs) need to have all the necessary Indicators as well as flexible timelines to effectively be used as planning, monitoring, and evaluation tools. Given the breadth of the program, the DMF should have included at least one indicator for each reform area to better monitor the outcome and long-term impact of key policy actions. Although three new outcome Indicators were included in subprogram 3, these mainly covered financial inclusion and nonperforming loans.

Project Number: 51252-003, 51252-004, 51252-005
Project Name: Financial Market Development Program
(Subprograms 1; 2; and 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
While face to face communication would have been better in certain cases, adaptation to pandemic restrictions by adopting new ways of working in addition to being agile and flexible proved adequate and strong enough to successfully implement projects during the pandemic. The program was implemented during a very challenging period when the pandemic was just reaching its peak, the health situation was deteriorating globally, and lockdown measures were being intensified.

Project Number: 51252-003, 51252-004, 51252-005
Project Name: Financial Market Development Program
(Subprograms 1; 2; and 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
Diligent project financial monitoring enables savings to be identified at an early stage, making it possible for additional components to be undertaken thereby improving project results and benefits. The project's executing and implementing agencies identified some savings after the award of two original works packages. This enabled an additional works package to be prepared, procured, and executed within the extended implementation period.

Project Number: 44240-014
Project Name: Thimphu Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Government resource mobilization efforts to raise supplementary funds to meet the cost of additional components outside the project scope demonstrate its ownership of and commitment to the project and increase the resulting benefits. Footpaths for the road widening works were not included in the original road design but were constructed by the Thimphu thromde using parallel financing. The footpaths enhanced the road design and improved road safety.

Project Number: 44240-014
Project Name: Thimphu Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Regular scrutiny of the financial statements by ADB, coupled with periodic training of finance and project accounts staff, will help expedite financial closure. The financial management arrangements of the recipient and executing agency were robust. Even then, financial closure of the grant account took 1.15 years from the grant closing date because of delays in the liquidation of advances and additional time needed to resolve the statement of expenditures review findings. Financial closing was further exacerbated by COVID-19 in-country lockdown measures.

Project Number: 44240-014
Project Name: Thimphu Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate technical assessment during appraisal is important to ensure output targets are completely identified and properly designed. Because of inadequate technical assessment of the road surface conditions and the lack of a comprehensive road safety audit, this project's output targets were limited.

Project Number: 44240-014
Project Name: Thimphu Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Continuous consultations with communities throughout the project cycle are important for meaningful adaptations in project design and avoidance of conflicts during implementation. The Thimphu thromde used its own resources to conduct consultation and participation activities, which included national television announcements, public information campaigns including to building owners prior to construction, and community monitoring meetings. Consultations with road users post-implementation helped confirm the perceived projects benefits.

Project Number: 44240-014
Project Name: Thimphu Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Dependence on consulting services hired under a separate ongoing ADB-funded project can cause coordination problems and unnecessary delays. For instance, the submission of this project’s 2018 semiannual environment monitoring reports was delayed because of lack of dedicated attention. Better management of the consultants by the project management unit would have helped achieve the intended efficiency.

Project Number: 44240-014
Project Name: Thimphu Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
CSV