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CSV
Lesson
Appropriately designing the project performance monitoring system during design stage would ensure that it captures accurate and necessary baseline and monitoring data for better tracking and assessing project performance.

Project Number: 49215-001
Project Name: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The success of an emergency assistance loan can be better measured if the efficiency of the use of loan proceeds can be determined through the computation of an economic internal rate of return for investments, in this case, for the roads. This is to clearly ascertain the degree by which the benefits of the projects outweigh their costs.

Project Number: 49215-001
Project Name: Earthquake Emergency Assistance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project facilities need to be turned over to local governments to ensure long-term operational and institutional sustainability. Municipalities did not exist in many towns at project appraisal. Hence, water user associations (WUAs) led the project. Since the service areas of individual WUAs are now a part of their respective municipality, municipalities are expected to support the operation and maintenance (O&M) of the water supply and sanitation facilities to ensure long-term operational and institutional sustainability

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project’s innovative and sustainable model ─ of shared cost and responsibility ─ is highly replicable and may be scaled up in similar contexts. The project was built on the approach and principle of shared cost and shared ownership between the users and the government. This innovative model of implementation and service delivery has brought about remarkable achievements in improving the people’s living standards in the project towns. People now have access to 24/7 safe water, O&M is smooth, women’s time poverty has decreased, and girls’ school attendance has increased.

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The innovative septage management option piloted by the project appears to be widely implementable in Nepal. A grant from the Sanitation Financing Partnership Trust Fund supported the piloting under this project of a non-sewered sanitation option that included the construction of fecal sludge treatment plants in two towns. Successful implementation of the pilot, coupled with sector wide advocacy and information dissemination, has led to wider interest in fecal sludge management (FSM) across Nepal.

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Lack of ownership of water users of project installations, which could jeopardize sustainability, demands appropriate action from the relevant government agencies. The project’s requirement of mandatory upfront cash collection for piped water supply connections, amounting to 5% of the estimated cost, was meant to generate ownership by the users. However, in many towns, the contribution was not made by the actual users but was raised by donations from community organizations, raising serious concerns about the efficacy of this provision and the eventual sustainability of the systems.

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Vulnerable groups need to have a voice in determining the mechanisms that will enable them to fully participate and benefit from projects. To ensure social inclusion, the project provided grant funding via output-based aid (OBA) for the construction of private toilets for 100% of the verified poor and vulnerable households. However, the OBA amount was inadequate, resulting in some households not building proper toilets.

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is critical to embed targeted and specified stakeholder risk analysis and risk mitigation measures into the planning of complex, community-driven, and local government-implemented infrastructure investments, especially for multi-dimensional and cross-sector urban development projects. One of the critical project lessons learned is that, although the project’s governance risk assessment and management plan foresaw the cost and time overrun owing to disbursement and

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Gaining ownership from stakeholders and partners is paramount to the success of a project vis-à-vis its long-term sustainability, mitigating effectiveness risk bottlenecks, and avoiding otherwise foreseeable delays. The project had multiple benefits for stakeholders who were previously unserved by basic urban services. It improved urban environment indicators in municipalities and contributed to ADB’s 2030 operational strategies but was delayed nearly 2 years for various foreseeable technical

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The delays in this project showed that national and subnational governments must exert more effort to include a broad and diverse range of stakeholders from the initial project design to implementation for it to be successful. Further investigation or interviews may be necessary to ascertain where the lapses were in establishing fuller community support.

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Financial management staff’s inclusion in review missions will be key to ensuring improved financial performance of future projects. Neither the ADB project team nor PCO could decipher financial management requirements and covenant quantifications due to the absence of financial management staff in review missions. The team failed to follow up on audit opinions and recurrent issues, leading to recurrence of the same issues and delays in submitting the APFS. This improved only after inclusion of a financial management staff toward the end of the project.

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Continuous community consultation, benefit sharing, and interagency coordination are vital to create social acceptance for SLS construction. The Nepalgunj SLS construction was successful due to continuous community engagement, cooperation among political leaders, and early implementation of a community development program targeted to community living near the SLS. The SLSs in Janakpur and Siddharthanagar had to be dropped, however, as nearby communities did not allow their construction.

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In future, project design consultant’s scope of work should include assessment of background and technical information for underground existing utilities. The project had initial design delays and design modifications during implementation mainly due to unavailability of existing utilities’ underground information such as by plan profile and as-built drawing. Final DSC designs were not always comprehensive. This required variations for most contracts, resulting in both start-up delays and contract modifications.

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The country’s restructuring affected GESI institutional structure adopted through GESI operational guidelines and requires revision of GESI operational guideline to align with federal structure. Although MOUD has instituted GESI operationally, other structures do not exist after restructuring of MOUD and its department to align with the country’s new federal structure.

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Building the capacity of project management units (PMUs) and empowering them to take decisions, as appropriate, will promote project success

Project Number: 45198-004
Project Name: Secondary Cities Development Project
Report Date:
CSV