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CSV
Lesson
The implementation of large investment programs could be streamlined with the engagement of a loan-funded project management consultant from the beginning using advance procurement.

Project Number: 37192-023, 37192-033, 37192-043, 37192-044
Project Name: Power Transmission Enhancement Investment Program (Tranche 4 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
A design and monitoring framework could become more useful and informative for assessment if it could include quantifiable indicators for capacity building when the requirement is identified during program appraisal.

Project Number: 37192-023, 37192-033, 37192-043, 37192-044
Project Name: Power Transmission Enhancement Investment Program (Tranche 4 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
Potential problems with funding the maintenance of completed subprojects and/or facilities arise when they highly rely on government budgetary allocations that may or may not materialize in the short- and medium-terms. This can lead to poor periodic maintenance, especially for road routine maintenance. In future projects, consideration could be given to performance-based road maintenance contracts where a period of maintenance is included (e.g., 5 years after completion) in the contracts.

Project Number: 43319-022
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion East-West Economic Corridor Towns Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
With the project's investment in improving wastewater treatment, solid waste management and recycling, an opportunity arose to establish and impose full cost recovery tariffs and charges for these activities. Appropriate tariff studies could have been undertaken and with recommendations for replication in other towns.

Project Number: 43319-022
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion East-West Economic Corridor Towns Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A social protection system needs to evolve in line with changes in the socioeconomic conditions of a country. This program supported social protection system reform, requiring the government's continued commitment for sustainable implementation. A key lesson highlighted by this project is for social protection systems to continue transforming in the face of demographic changes and urbanization and to be shock-responsive.

Project Number: 55041-001, 55041-003
Project Name: Strengthening Social Resilience Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Focusing on existing social protection programs and systems and making in-depth policy discussions on reforming them contribute to avoiding the creation of ad hoc programs and arrangements or introducing reforms without having in place a solid institutional setup for its implementation. Alignment with the relevant national strategies ensures the government's strong ownership of prior actions and outcomes. Consideration of these two key lessons will strengthen the design and implementation of future similar programs.

Project Number: 55041-001, 55041-003
Project Name: Strengthening Social Resilience Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong leadership by high-level authorities is required to carry out in-depth and timely policy discussions across a range of government and other development agencies and stakeholders involved in social protection. To meet the country's significant financial needs in a timely manner, the program needed to be prepared under time pressure. Therefore, strong leadership by high-level government authorities in the government was imperative.

Project Number: 55041-001, 55041-003
Project Name: Strengthening Social Resilience Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Coordination across several government agencies require strong leadership and persistence; given the regular transfer of government officials to other positions and ministries, it is important to set up a scheme for maintaining institutional memory within the executing and implementing agencies throughout program implementation.

Project Number: 55041-001, 55041-003
Project Name: Strengthening Social Resilience Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Public finance management (PFM) reforms are complex and require a long-term high level political commitment and flexibility to maximize the development impact. The progress made under PFM reforms can also be non-linear in nature, which requires greater effort to revisit reforms and to embed and institutionalize complex reforms as part of the “norm” in core government processes such as policy planning and budgeting.

Project Number: 52146-001
Project Name: Strengthening Public Finance Management Program (Subprogram 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Given capacity constraints and experiences in legal drafting, legal and regulatory developments require a longer timeframe to be considered in ADB's future programs. The program could have further included a targeted capacity-building needs analysis and an associated TA project to directly address capacity constraints and deepen the capacity needed for full implementation.

Project Number: 52146-001
Project Name: Strengthening Public Finance Management Program (Subprogram 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Institutional and technical capacities to effectively implement PFM reforms remain weak, and absorptive capacities remain low. This can often be further compounded by frequent changes in leadership and staffing, which can cause further delays. ADB's continued engagement with the Ministry of Finance must be at all levels of the administration (management and operational levels) to strengthen the institutional and organizational capacity and reduce the impact of staff turnover on reform impact.

Project Number: 52146-001
Project Name: Strengthening Public Finance Management Program (Subprogram 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Successful PFM reforms necessitate active engagement with key stakeholders including the legislature, line ministries, civil society, and the public to ensure buy-in of policy changes and smooth reform efforts.

Project Number: 52146-001
Project Name: Strengthening Public Finance Management Program (Subprogram 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Close coordination with other development partners working in PFM reforms is necessary to create synergies with ADB's support and interventions. Subprogram 1 was designed and developed in close consultation with the IMF and the World Bank to ensure a coordinated approach to PFM reforms. These lessons have confirmed that the reforms require a long-term perspective to achieve the intended objectives and that reforms need to be underpinned by significant efforts in sustained capacity building to ensure capacity constraints do not impact the overall quality of reforms.

Project Number: 52146-001
Project Name: Strengthening Public Finance Management Program (Subprogram 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Long-term engagement and dialogue by ADB with the government, executing agency, implementing agencies, private sector agencies, and relevant development partners is essential to ensure support for small and medium enterprises reform.

Project Number: 44057-012, 44057-013
Project Name: Second Private Sector and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementation is strengthened by the provision of coordinated and responsive capacity-building support, with key actions categorized as short, medium, and long term to provide a more specific time frame and indicate the sequencing for each category.

Project Number: 44057-012, 44057-013
Project Name: Second Private Sector and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
CSV