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Lesson
The project experiences have illustrated the potential financial gains from improved environmental management and conservation. The project has demonstrated enhanced coordination in public finance allocation across institutions in charge of the environment and natural resources. Given the likelihood that such operations will grow in the region, the experience of this project will be valuable.

Project Number: 39321-013
Project Name: Shaanxi Qinling Biodiversity Conservation and Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The importance of project preparation and quality at entry is of utmost importance for similar projects in the future. A better prepared project can reduce issues that may potentially impede implementation at the early stages of implementation.

Project Number: 39321-013
Project Name: Shaanxi Qinling Biodiversity Conservation and Demonstration Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The government’s commitment and ownership strengthen the project’s credibility. Providing timely response and adequate support from start-up to completion are critical in overcoming the implementation difficulties in various occasions. For instance, the PMO’s leadership could have helped ensurethat assistance was provided on time to implementing agencies. This, in turn, would help in easing delays in the procurement activities and implementation of subprojects.

Project Number: 42383-023
Project Name: Shanxi Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A project’s medium-term review (MTR provides an opportunity to reassess and modify a project’s DMF, in terms of realistic performance targets, configuration of components and/or outputs, subprojects’ selection, and timeframe of implementation. Project team could strive to review all project’s aspects during an MTR in addition to focusing on project administration and changes in scope.

Project Number: 42383-023
Project Name: Shanxi Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Requiring project performance management system (PPMS) for all urban development-type projects would help enhance the valuation of economic and financial benefits.

Project Number: 45023-002
Project Name: Hubei-Yichang Sustainable Urban Transport Project
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Lesson
A systematic benefit analysis appropriately captures and values the diverse benefits from the project investment. Identification, quantification, and valuation of economic and financial benefits are a complex process for urban development projects, and EIRRs and FIRRs are crucially dependent on sound measurement of these benefits.

Project Number: 45023-002
Project Name: Hubei-Yichang Sustainable Urban Transport Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The retention of implementing agency and staff until project completion enables timely and smooth implementation of project through continuous staff expertise support and institutional knowledge. If a change of implementing agency is necessary, transition needs to be during a non-critical project implementation period. In this project, the change in implementing agency happened during the critical period when land acquisition, resettlement negotiations, and relocations of underground oil pipeline.

Project Number: 40625-013
Project Name: Lanzhou Sustainable Urban Transport Project
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Lesson
Appropriate formulation of DMF facilitates accurate measurement of project performance and achievements. A clear alignment of data and logical framework on performance targets and indicators conforming to each subproject provides a correct measurement on project’s intended results and overall impact. All impact indicators were focused on Anning, but available data were for either Gansu province or Lanzhou, making it difficult to measure these indicators as required.

Project Number: 40625-013
Project Name: Lanzhou Sustainable Urban Transport Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Focusing the development efforts on the very poorest and most backward regions will often result in a more expensive investment with lower economic gains and impact. Investment funds spent on the project could have had a much broader and wider impact if invested in a region with greater development potential. There are regions that are better off with development funding through social assistance and/or transfer payments to ease the poverty situation than investment projects. The latter would be a less technically and economically practical option.

Project Number: 42016-013
Project Name: Qinghai Rural Water Resources Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
More careful assessment of the targeted area’s topography for gravity irrigation project enhances project performance, including agricultural productivity. For instance, determining the suitability of land area and its compatibility with irrigation development through the examination of the supply and quality of water resources, agro-climatic conditions, carrying capacity, and cropping intensity, including the agricultural practices and beneficiaries’ culture in place, supports a productive and sustainable management of irrigation and drainage system.

Project Number: 42016-013
Project Name: Qinghai Rural Water Resources Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important to perform an adequate due diligence at appraisal to develop a realistic project schedule that duly considers the borrower's institutional setup and internal review and approval procedures, and the executing agency's existing capacity and prior experience in implementing ADB projects. Identifying and implementing risk mitigation measures and providing early implementation support are crucial in minimizing initial delays and facilitating timely implementation progress.

Project Number: 45030-002
Project Name: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project
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Lesson
Given the long-term nature of support to sector plans, continuous update of inventory of interventions and partnerships, along with their achievements, issues, lessons, and recommendations, can benefit future interventions in the sector. For sector loan projects where past, related interventions and investments were provided, building on progress achieved from them and duly taking account of relevant recommendations can optimize project design and fast-track project implementation toward efficient fund utilization and satisfactory delivery of project outputs.

Project Number: 45030-002
Project Name: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Extensive consultations are critical for identifying and addressing unforeseeable issues emerging from project implementation. By being responsive and flexible, potential duplication of project works can be avoided, and synergy between ADB and other development partners with shared interestscan be created to harmonize the support and maximize the benefits for the target borrower. As in this case, the project adjusted its scope of RAMS development because of the World Bank project approved in March 2015.

Project Number: 45030-002
Project Name: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
This validation offers the following lesson: although TA design may identify a particular model of consultancy, these needs may evolve during the program requiring adjustment. In this case, in developing a model that responded to the needs of ACMF’s working group on corporate governance, the TA project shifted its approach since the regulators felt that an audit firm (rather than consultants) would lend more credibility and recognition to the validation exercise.

Project Number: 48143-001
Project Name: Enhancing Association of Southeast Asian Nations Capital Market Integration
Report Date:
Lesson
This validation has rephrased the recommendation into a lesson as follows: Providing adequate visibility to partners who have either financed the project or have special interest and stake in seeing its success is necessary to ensure their continued support.

Project Number: 48143-001
Project Name: Enhancing Association of Southeast Asian Nations Capital Market Integration
Report Date: