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Lesson
The timely provision of adequate community infrastructure and services is key to ensure the well-being of displaced households and achieve resettlement objectives. These infrastructure and services, including electricity, water, waste management, drainage, and road management, would have to meet pertinent national standards at the least and be made available prior to issuance of

Project Number: 37269-013, 37269-023
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion:
Rehabilitation of the Railway in Cambodia Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Transport projects typically involve a variety of risks in implementation and execution of activities. Formulating appropriate project design and risk assessment during preparatory phase is critical to minimize delays. This includes a systematic appraisal of the project’s technical scope and engineering design, costs and contingencies, safeguards, and financial and contractual risks. The institutional setup, internal review and approval process, and existing capacity and prior experience of the borrower and executing

Project Number: 37269-013, 37269-023
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion:
Rehabilitation of the Railway in Cambodia Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Effective and efficient implementation of large-scale land acquisition and resettlement activities depends largely on strong political will and commitment at all levels of government, especially when a large number of households are affected. It is important for an agency charged with resettlement activities to be proactive and work closely with local authorities and affected people to resolve identified issues on the ground. Having intensive policy dialogues with the agencies on ADB's safeguard policies and providing well-designed TA projects can

Project Number: 37269-013, 37269-023
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion:
Rehabilitation of the Railway in Cambodia Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Gaining ownership from stakeholders and partners is paramount to the success of a project vis-à-vis its long-term sustainability, mitigating effectiveness risk bottlenecks, and avoiding otherwise foreseeable delays. The project had multiple benefits for stakeholders who were previously unserved by basic urban services. It improved urban environment indicators in municipalities and contributed to ADB’s 2030 operational strategies but was delayed nearly 2 years for various foreseeable technical

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The delays in this project showed that national and subnational governments must exert more effort to include a broad and diverse range of stakeholders from the initial project design to implementation for it to be successful. Further investigation or interviews may be necessary to ascertain where the lapses were in establishing fuller community support.

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is critical to embed targeted and specified stakeholder risk analysis and risk mitigation measures into the planning of complex, community-driven, and local government-implemented infrastructure investments, especially for multi-dimensional and cross-sector urban development projects. One of the critical project lessons learned is that, although the project’s governance risk assessment and management plan foresaw the cost and time overrun owing to disbursement and

Project Number: 42161-013
Project Name: Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
More time needs to be allotted for loan effectiveness if there are institutional changes to be made and implemented. The 90 days provided was insufficient when government bureaucracy requires review and approval up to the highest levels.

Project Number: 35049-023, 35049-033, 35049-012
Project Name: Padma Multipurpose Bridge Design Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Ensuring the availability of adequate project funding through firm financial commitment from project stakeholders at the onset of project appraisal is important in mitigating possible delays and risks. This helps to ensure adequate funding for detailed engineering design and other related projectpreparatory activities.

Project Number: 35049-023, 35049-033, 35049-012
Project Name: Padma Multipurpose Bridge Design Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Rigorous assessments on the costs of project design and feasibility studies during project preparation can help avoid design inconsistencies and scope changes. A more careful assessment in identifying all project components (e.g., surveys and studies) and procurement costs (e.g., civil works and consultancy services), including appropriate cost contingencies, are crucial in ensuring that project expenditures are consistent with the financial plans, budget, and project activities.

Project Number: 35049-023, 35049-033, 35049-012
Project Name: Padma Multipurpose Bridge Design Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Extensive consultations are critical for identifying and addressing unforeseeable issues emerging from project implementation. By being responsive and flexible, potential duplication of project works can be avoided, and synergy between ADB and other development partners with shared interestscan be created to harmonize the support and maximize the benefits for the target borrower. As in this case, the project adjusted its scope of RAMS development because of the World Bank project approved in March 2015.

Project Number: 45030-002
Project Name: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important to perform an adequate due diligence at appraisal to develop a realistic project schedule that duly considers the borrower's institutional setup and internal review and approval procedures, and the executing agency's existing capacity and prior experience in implementing ADB projects. Identifying and implementing risk mitigation measures and providing early implementation support are crucial in minimizing initial delays and facilitating timely implementation progress.

Project Number: 45030-002
Project Name: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Given the long-term nature of support to sector plans, continuous update of inventory of interventions and partnerships, along with their achievements, issues, lessons, and recommendations, can benefit future interventions in the sector. For sector loan projects where past, related interventions and investments were provided, building on progress achieved from them and duly taking account of relevant recommendations can optimize project design and fast-track project implementation toward efficient fund utilization and satisfactory delivery of project outputs.

Project Number: 45030-002
Project Name: Yunnan Sustainable Road Maintenance (Sector) Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Preparing, reviewing, and monitoring project cost estimates contribute to a more efficient utilization of project funds. A more in-depth assessment and consideration of currency depreciation factors during project appraisal permits a more robust cost estimate. Under this project,a significant loan amount was cancelled due to the rupee depreciation. In-depth financial planning and cost projections, coupled with risk mitigation measures (e.g., developing back-up subprojects in an advanced state of readiness) allows for better utilization of loan savings.

Project Number: 40423-033
Project Name: Rural Connectivity Investment Program—Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Procurement planning and readiness are critical prerequisites in the administration of bids and contract packages. Ensuring sufficient capacity of executing and implementing agencies facilitates a smooth procurement process. Developing back-up subprojects is also beneficial especially for implementation under the MFF in anticipation of cancellation of some subprojects. Given that civil works contractors in the rural areas have limited capabilities and as subprojects vary in size, this would proactively build an inventory of prequalified contractors.

Project Number: 40423-033
Project Name: Rural Connectivity Investment Program—Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Establishing a system for project performance and benefit monitoring, and ensuring its operation after post-project completion helps facilitate the systematic tracking of project results. Weak monitoring and reporting of implementation issues and the insufficient collection and analyses of project benefits and socioeconomic data would hamper project evaluation and lead to noncompliance with loan covenants. The project planned for a PPMS, and DMF indicators were to be collected at baseline and monitored annually. But in this project, the PPMS submitted only one annual report.

Project Number: 38349-013
Project Name: Air Transport Capacity Enhancement Project
Report Date: