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Lesson
Projects could fail because of faulty impact assessments. The initial environmental examination (IEE) approved by ADB had to be revised as road vibration and noise impacts needed to be studied further. While public consultations were conducted, these did not generate enough buy-in from some of the stakeholders who raised formal complaints. Local people outside the project’s original area of influence opposed project implementation as well as the proposed remedial action plan (RAP), due to which the project could not be carried out within the original timeframe.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Project impacts on vulnerable groups need focused attention. . The IEE had some shortcomings in identifying the project’s impacts on vulnerable groups in the project areas. Visually impaired people living in the area were to be affected by noise generated from the road layout. As a result, the project required a new round of consultations with visually impaired affected persons whose specific vulnerabilities and needs had not been factored into project design. In addition, more precise measurement of vibration impact on buildings occupied by affected persons needed to be developed.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Meaningful targeted consultation is essential in ensuring that project-affected people’s needs are heard and addressed in project design and implementation and reduces the likelihood of an escalation of grievances and, consequently, of project costs. The public consultation approach proved inadequate in generating a full picture of potential project impacts. A house-to-house needs assessment and the conduct of focused group discussions could have provided deeper insights and more valuable inputs from the visually impaired affected persons.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Independent technical studies are useful in addressing project-related grievances. The executing agency, in collaboration with ADB, determined that specific studies, including noise and vibration studies, had to be completed before proposing solutions to address the concerns of the complainants. While the proposed RAP was not accepted by the complainants, the technical studies proved useful in establishing the deficiencies of the IEE and could be built upon in addressing issues of similar nature.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
The design and monitoring framework (DMF) needs to be carefully formulated to adequately measure project achievements. The DMF contained indicators that were not entirely attributable to the project. The assumptions and data source behind the quantitative baselines and targets for several indicators were also not clearly explained. These weaknesses need to be addressed in future projects.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Changes in government could trigger changes in counterpart agencies and priorities with significant implications on program design and implementation. The national election in 2012 resulted in a change in government and the subsequent appointment of new directors and staff in Municipal Development Fund of Georgia (MDF), the project executing and implementing agency (EA/IA). Additional time thus had to be devoted to building capacity and awareness with respect to the project. Several subprojects were cancelled because of changes in government priorities.

Project Number: 42414-023
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Weak project readiness and procurement challenges can lead to startup and implementation delays and cost overruns. The metro extension subproject experienced startup delays and cost overruns because of weak project readiness. Consultant recruitment and the procurement of works encountered delays because of the specialized nature of the project and the lack of experience in MDF in handling this type of project. Additional individual experts had to be engaged during implementation to help with construction supervision.

Project Number: 42414-023
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Lack of strategic information can affect the quality of gender targets set at approval, making them difficult to achieve during implementation. Disaggregated information by gender was not available during project preparation. This affected the quality of the gender targets included in the design and monitoring framework (DMF) and the gender action plan (GAP). Challenges in achieving the targets during implementation should have prompted a deeper review of these targets with adjustments made as necessary.

Project Number: 42414-023
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
A project specific DMF is key to reliably assessing the implementation progress and overall performance of each tranche project. The DMF for this project contained indicators that pertained to investments under other tranches of the multitranche financing facility (MFF). This made monitoring and evaluation of project progress and performance difficult, with results that hid the real picture and so prevented corrective measures from being undertaken during implementation.

Project Number: 42414-023
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate stakeholder consultations, conducted at all project stages, are essential to building consensus and preventing tensions and disagreements from negatively affecting implementation.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects require an in-depth assessment of ownership and use of land. Procurement for the Butwal auto village subprojects (AVS) was severely delayed by land ownership issues. The automobile enterprises were located on land leased from the municipality intended only for establishment of automobile enterprises, but the entrepreneurs used the land for business and residential purposes. These entrepreneurs were skeptical that their existing land uses could continue if they entered into a public-private partnership agreement, and thus protested the AVS.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
An adequate assessment is needed when setting targets. This project had a few design challenges that could not be addressed during implementation. For the target of serving 3,000 households with new water supply connections and 4,500 with improved ones, financing was not included in the approved project, so could never be achieved. The target of serving 25,000 households with sewer connections was ambitious, as only about 13,680 households would get these connections based on the final engineering designs.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Bidding documents should incorporate specific provisions requiring permanent local representative from foreign contractors to avoid construction delays. The performance of the contractors for the Birgunj ISWM and the Kavre Valley Water Supply Subproject was unsatisfactory in part because they had no local representative.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Continuity of services of experienced project staff is essential. The project director and account officer positions at the project coordination office experienced high turnover, which affected overall performance, including of project financial management, as evidenced by the outstanding recurring audit issues and multiple delayed submissions.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Careful selection of nongovernment organizations (NGOs) to be engaged in projects will be beneficial particularly for the poor and vulnerable. Implementation of gender equality and social activities was closely linked to NGO performance quality, which varied significantly among the 3 NGOs engaged by the project. The NGO in Biratnagar demonstrates what can be achieved by a well-performing NGO.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date: