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Lesson
Critical decisions on project investments must be informed, careful, and judicious. At the time of the mid-term review mission in May 2009, contract awards were 8% of the total loan amount and disbursements were 5%. On the basis of such apparent poor performance it would have been possible to cancel the loan and shut down the project at that time. However, a full analysis by the review mission indicated that delays had been caused more by procedural problems than deficiencies in the capacity of the executing agency and that implementation was at the point of finally taking off.

Project Number: 30292-023
Project Name: Central Region Water Resources Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Low cost norms made it difficult to attract competent, full-time staff for the central project management unit, resulting in project delays. There is a need to ensure proper staffing of the central project management unit.

Project Number: 38581-022
Project Name: HIV/AIDS Prevention among Youth Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Monitoring methods and frequencies need to be defined and agreed upon by the government and ADB at the beginning of a project, and followed during implementation by the executing or implementing agencies, to ensure the reliability and replicability of the monitoring data and the effectiveness of the project completion evaluation.

Project Number: 35289-013
Project Name: Sanjiang Plain Wetlands Protection Project
Report Date:
Lesson
There was some concern that the feasibility study report prepared by Ministry of Education and Training (MOET), which was the official appraisal document on the government side, was not sufficiently consistent with the report and recommendation of the President. Considerable discrepancies between the two key documents, due to limited communication between MOET and the project preparatory technical assistance (TA) consultants, were observed.

Project Number: 28309-013
Project Name: Upper Secondary Education Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Although the project cost estimate was made in 2002, procurement for the civil works was during 2008-2009. Due to price escalation, the bid prices received were much higher than originally estimated. Eventually, the implementing agency reduced the project scope so as to fit the project costs within the original cost allocation. In the future, it would be beneficial to shorten the time between detailed design and procurement and to use advance procurement to minimize start-up delays. Price escalation should also be factored into the project cost estimate.

Project Number: 37265-013
Project Name: Domestic Maritime Transport Project
Report Date:
Lesson
One of the project's major technical problems was the appearance of cracks in the Khe Ngang reservoir dam. This serious issue could have jeopardized a significant part of the project and could also have had further safety repercussions. The problem was resolved when the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, with ADB assistance, mobilized a senior engineering team to inspect the dam and come up with an acceptable and viable technical resolution.

Project Number: 30292-023
Project Name: Central Region Water Resources Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Behavioral change communication, whether through mass media or interpersonal communication, is complex and specialized, and requires specialized expertise; a chief technical adviser should be provided throughout project implementation.

Project Number: 38581-022
Project Name: HIV/AIDS Prevention among Youth Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Performance targets and indicators for impact, outcome, and outputs should be realistic and measurable through local efforts, particularly when a target or an indicator has a global perspective. Baseline indicators and targets for project performance, including environmental management, should be developed during project preparation.

Project Number: 35289-013
Project Name: Sanjiang Plain Wetlands Protection Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The consulting services for project implementation designed during project preparation did not meet the needs during implementation. This usually happens because needs change over time. To avoid having to undertake contract variations to correct this balance, an approach used in European Union contracts would have allowed greater flexibility; bidders for consulting services are typically evaluated on a small number of long-term key experts; while short-term expertise is not defined in the bidding but decided upon during implementation based on agreed work plans and government demands.

Project Number: 35289-013
Project Name: Sanjiang Plain Wetlands Protection Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Participation in key decisions can have a major impact on the ownership of policies and institutional changes. Once proposed changes to the irrigation management companies and water user groups (WUGs) had been revised to take stakeholder views into account, they were enthusiastically taken up by government agencies, local administrations, and the intended beneficiaries themselves. The degree of ownership for the revamped institutions was tangible during field visits and interviews.

Project Number: 30292-023
Project Name: Central Region Water Resources Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects should be responsive to change; as the media environment altered, the project design should have been adjusted.

Project Number: 38581-022
Project Name: HIV/AIDS Prevention among Youth Project
Report Date:
Lesson
There was no verification undertaken as to whether the target mechanism used was appropriate to reach all eligible beneficiaries, nor was there an explicit targeting system to support ethnic groups. The targeting mechanism of health equity fund (HEF) should have been evaluated prior to scaling up the scheme. Careful consideration should be given also to adding a post-identification procedure to avoid denying HEF benefits to the poor who for some reason are not on the Ministry of PIanning and Investment lists.

Project Number: 32313-022
Project Name: Health System Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Delivery of skills training through the private sector is a viable approach to skills development in Nepal.

Project Number: 36611-013
Project Name: Skills for Employment Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Despite the financial implications, health equity fund administration should have been continued by a third party to not unnecessarily burden the limited administrative and financial management capacities of the provincial health offices. Identifying mechanisms to enhance transparency would have increased the funds' efficiency.

Project Number: 32313-022
Project Name: Health System Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Strengthen community-based irrigation and water resources management through water management associations. ISC collection and timely operation and maintenance (O&M) activities require improvement, through motivational drive to pay irrigation service charge and improved O&M planning and timely allocation of funds.

Project Number: 34038-013
Project Name: Jamuna-Meghna River Erosion Mitigation Project
Report Date: