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Lesson
Financial stability and capital market development need to be coupled with reforms to increase access to financial services for the poor and thus maximize the economic impact of development. Reforms to increase financial inclusion should be holistic and require complementary reforms in financial literacy, consumer protection, and financial technology. Financial technology provides new opportunities to enhance access, but it also poses its own challenges.

Project Number: 48207-001, 48207-002, 48207-004
Project Name: Financial Market Development and Inclusion Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Establishing and equipping an integrated finance sector regulator requires sequenced steps, starting with legislation and encompassing measures to ensure legal and fiscal autonomy, as well as legal immunity for staff. A consolidated master plan with a robust monitoring and reporting framework can serve as an anchor to coordinate and prioritize reforms across the regulator. This is especially relevant for large regulators like OJK, where the risk of silo implementation is significant.

Project Number: 48207-001, 48207-002, 48207-004
Project Name: Financial Market Development and Inclusion Program
Report Date:
Lesson
As a member of G20 and an integral part of the ASEAN community, Indonesia has an important role to play on the international stage. Hence, national financial sector development should include international and regional considerations. This can be in the form of international requirements or regional standards such as ASEAN corporate governance and ASEAN green bonds standards. This builds the capacity to meet national development goals, the requirements of the international financial system, and regional development agendas.

Project Number: 48207-001, 48207-002, 48207-004
Project Name: Financial Market Development and Inclusion Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Predicating a program on the passage of a law should be minimized unless there is strong ownership to pass the law from both the executive and the parliament. Relying on development partners to complete the reform (revision of a law) introduces a risk that performance targets will not be achieved. Development partners may have different priorities and timelines that do not necessarily coincide with the requirements of ADB’s program.

Project Number: 48207-001, 48207-002, 48207-004
Project Name: Financial Market Development and Inclusion Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Output performance measures of public sector and management programs could be improved through the inclusion of (1) anti-corruption measures, especially if the risk of corruption is high in the program and the country rates poorly on perceptions of corruption; and (2) strengthened internal and external audit functions to provide more transparency and accountability to government processes.

Project Number: 44253-016
Project Name: Local Government Finance and Fiscal Decentralization Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The impact level of the DMF could be connected to the results chain.

Project Number: 44253-016
Project Name: Local Government Finance and Fiscal Decentralization Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Public sector finance and management programs could use information on transparency and accountability of government administration from government institutions such as the Commission on Audit when designing and evaluating programs.

Project Number: 44253-016
Project Name: Local Government Finance and Fiscal Decentralization Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Successful reform programs require thorough background analysis and research, extensive consultations, and strong national ownership and championship.

Project Number: 50051-001
Project Name: Improving Public Expenditure Quality Program, Subprogram 1
Report Date:
Lesson
A sequential, long-term approach to reforms facilitates ADB deeper engagement in country reform processes and develops greater synergy in ADB country operations.

Project Number: 50051-001
Project Name: Improving Public Expenditure Quality Program, Subprogram 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate technical assistance (TA) is essential to enhancing reform design and implementation and accelerating the reform process.

Project Number: 50051-001
Project Name: Improving Public Expenditure Quality Program, Subprogram 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Close coordination enhances the outcome and value-addition of each donor’s contribution to the reform process in developing countries.

Project Number: 50051-001
Project Name: Improving Public Expenditure Quality Program, Subprogram 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Programs that involve public sector management and finance reforms need to consider information from the country’s Supreme Audit Institution, not only to inform their views on the transparency and accountability of government administration before the program commences, but also in the evaluation of the program once it is complete.

Project Number: 50145-001
Project Name: Countercyclical Support Facility Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The assessment of a program’s development effectiveness is difficult in the absence of a structured and aligned outcome indicators.

Project Number: 50145-001
Project Name: Countercyclical Support Facility Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Appropriate targeting method and the quality of the fiscal stimulus are crucial in supporting CSF programs.

Project Number: 50145-001
Project Name: Countercyclical Support Facility Program
Report Date:
Lesson
An adaptive approach can work effectively to mitigate riverbank erosion if it is executed to its full extent. Such riverbank protection work requires persistent commitment and continuous effort, unlike a one-time physical investment. Effective mitigation measures using geo-bags along riverbanks requires the implementation of an adaptive approach. O&M activities, including routine maintenance, need to be continuously implemented in parallel.

Project Number: 34038-013
Project Name: Jamuna-Meghna River Erosion Mitigation Project
Report Date: