Concentrating effort on farmer production and marketing groups (FPMGs) through a learning-by-doing process turned what was a pilot project at the outset into a demonstration at completion. FPMGs were shown to be successful as units for production and marketing, extension delivery, provision of skills and technology and as contracted primary suppliers. However, the project's approach was costly in terms of scale because FPMGs required intensive support. Although all groups still exist at completion it is not clear how they may expand or be replicated. Despite successful use of new technology such as improved rice seeds, many FPMGs now face problems in overcoming credit and trade policy constraints. Ultimately, their future will depend on how effectively they can deepen linkages with the private sector.
Smallholder Development Project