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Lesson
Public finance management (PFM) reforms are complex and require a long-term high level political commitment and flexibility to maximize the development impact. The progress made under PFM reforms can also be non-linear in nature, which requires greater effort to revisit reforms and to embed and institutionalize complex reforms as part of the “norm” in core government processes such as policy planning and budgeting.

Project Number: 52146-001
Project Name: Strengthening Public Finance Management Program (Subprogram 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Given capacity constraints and experiences in legal drafting, legal and regulatory developments require a longer timeframe to be considered in ADB's future programs. The program could have further included a targeted capacity-building needs analysis and an associated TA project to directly address capacity constraints and deepen the capacity needed for full implementation.

Project Number: 52146-001
Project Name: Strengthening Public Finance Management Program (Subprogram 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Institutional and technical capacities to effectively implement PFM reforms remain weak, and absorptive capacities remain low. This can often be further compounded by frequent changes in leadership and staffing, which can cause further delays. ADB's continued engagement with the Ministry of Finance must be at all levels of the administration (management and operational levels) to strengthen the institutional and organizational capacity and reduce the impact of staff turnover on reform impact.

Project Number: 52146-001
Project Name: Strengthening Public Finance Management Program (Subprogram 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Successful PFM reforms necessitate active engagement with key stakeholders including the legislature, line ministries, civil society, and the public to ensure buy-in of policy changes and smooth reform efforts.

Project Number: 52146-001
Project Name: Strengthening Public Finance Management Program (Subprogram 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Close coordination with other development partners working in PFM reforms is necessary to create synergies with ADB's support and interventions. Subprogram 1 was designed and developed in close consultation with the IMF and the World Bank to ensure a coordinated approach to PFM reforms. These lessons have confirmed that the reforms require a long-term perspective to achieve the intended objectives and that reforms need to be underpinned by significant efforts in sustained capacity building to ensure capacity constraints do not impact the overall quality of reforms.

Project Number: 52146-001
Project Name: Strengthening Public Finance Management Program (Subprogram 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Leadership development, which requires continuous coaching and can sustain benefits beyond program completion, needs to be adequately addressed in the design and implementation of education sector interventions.

Project Number: 40368-022
Project Name: Secondary Education Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Regular and stringent monitoring is necessary to ensure that the benefits from ADB-financed education programs are maximized.

Project Number: 40368-022
Project Name: Secondary Education Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Improving the prospects of employment by aligning secondary education to the demands of the labor market can enhance its relevance, encourage completion, and reduce dropout rates.

Project Number: 40368-022
Project Name: Secondary Education Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Executing and implementing agencies (EAs/IAs) need to commit to the gender action plans (GAPs) of ADB-financed programs/projects to help ensure their successful implementation

Project Number: 40368-022
Project Name: Secondary Education Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Supplementing programmatic assistance with sufficient, targeted technical assistance (TA) is effective in achieving reforms

Project Number: 47137-003, 47137-006
Project Name: Health Sector Governance Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
A multiple tranche arrangement ensures satisfactory progression of reforms and strengthens government accountability for the reforms.

Project Number: 47137-003, 47137-006
Project Name: Health Sector Governance Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Participatory development and full alignment of reform programs with country strategies and plans foster strong ownership and commitment from the government.

Project Number: 47137-003, 47137-006
Project Name: Health Sector Governance Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date: