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Lesson
Performing adequate risk assessment and identifying mitigation measures accordingly at appraisal, including sufficient stakeholder consultations, are important measures in ensuring smooth project implementation and readiness. Specifically, safeguards risk assessment would benefit from a thorough due diligence and analysis of project risks, which reduces the potential safeguards related issues, specifically with respect to land acquisition and resettlement compensation.

Project Number: 47281-001
Project Name: National Highway Network Development in Balochistan Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Timely and appropriate changes in scope and reallocation of loan and grant proceeds responding to actual project needs emerging from implementation can help utilize available loan and grant resources in a more targeted and efficient manner to facilitate more activities and deliver more outputs. For example, responding to the government’s request relating to E35 contributed directly to developing an efficient and safer transport corridor between Islamabad, Faisalabad, and Multan for more connectivity between the various parts of the country.

Project Number: 48402-001, 48402-002
Project Name: National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot Section Project and National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot–Khanewal Section Project - Additional Financing
Report Date:
Lesson
Establishing high-level steering committees and working groups to ensure smooth coordination among various government agencies is an important element in the success of reform implementation, In this project, it entailed the operationalization of the Pakistan Single Window (PSW), a complex undertaking that required close coordination with various government agencies for efficient trade facilitation.

Project Number: 52049-001, 52049-003
Project Name: Trade and Competitiveness Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of a project performance management system created difficulties in estimating the project’s economic benefits. A project performance management system would provide data on which to base more accurate EIRR estimates and the development impacts of road projects.

Project Number: 40075-023, 40075-033, 40075-043
Project Name: National Trade Corridor Highway Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Without a consensus on the objectives of enterprise reform, actions are often reversed by the next government, particularly in cases where significant staff redundancies take place.

Project Number: 48065-002
Project Name: Public Sector Enterprises Reform Program (Subprogram 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Public sector enterprise reform programs are more likely to achieve sustainable results if they are guided by a clear statement of the vision and objectives of the reform efforts.

Project Number: 48065-002
Project Name: Public Sector Enterprises Reform Program (Subprogram 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
The use of a facility management consultant across all tranches can support implementation significantly by helping overcome the technical capacity limitations of implementing agency staff.

Project Number: 38456-033
Project Name: Power Distribution Enhancement Investment Program (Tranche 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Any change in the scope of a project that has been agreed upon must be supported by appropriate and immediate updates on all pertinent project preparatory tasks including economic and financial analyses, safeguard documents, DMF, and covenants, among others.

Project Number: 40075-023
Project Name: National Trade Corridor Highway Investment Program (Tranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Target indicators outcomes need to be well designed and specified to ensure clarity of achievements.

Project Number: 37231-013
Project Name: Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program - (Tranches 1 and 4)
Report Date:
Lesson
Consideration should have been given to breaking out some of the smaller project components (e.g. the groundwater and on-farm water management components and even the Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Project Preparation Facility activities) into separate projects under the Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program MFF rather than attempting to managing them together with significant civil works components.

Project Number: 37231-013
Project Name: Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program - (Tranches 1 and 4)
Report Date:
Lesson
For complex projects with a number of different components, activities addressing institutional reform may need to be ring-fenced from other project activities to prevent institutional reform not receiving the dedicated attention it requires.

Project Number: 37231-013
Project Name: Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program - (Tranches 1 and 4)
Report Date:
Lesson
Consideration has to be given to protecting against currency fluctuations immediately after loan effectiveness.

Project Number: 37231-013
Project Name: Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program - (Tranches 1 and 4)
Report Date:
Lesson
For projects involving significant civil works but prepared only to a feasibility study level, a realistic timeframe needs to be identified at appraisal for the recruitment of consultants and the preparation of detailed design prior to start of construction.

Project Number: 37231-013
Project Name: Punjab Irrigated Agriculture Investment Program - (Tranches 1 and 4)
Report Date:
Lesson
Land acquisition problems experienced by NHA. This required working with provincial governments which have legal responsibility for land matters and going through the difficult experiences in harmonizing national laws and ADB’s policy for social safeguards. An independent consultant engaged under the institutional strengthening project in 2007 identified and presented these issues in a written report.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The $770 million appraisal estimate for 836 km of roads was overambitious given the 10-year time frame and the acknowledged low capacity of the NHA at appraisal. Project 1 design underestimated the security constraints to project preparation and implementation especially in Baluchistan which contained the largest proportion of project roads. Appropriate risks and assumptions were not adequately recognized by ADB until Project 2.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date: