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CSV
Lesson
India’s investments in social protection frameworks—through the public distribution system, the JAM trinity for direct benefit transfers, and fuel transfers ensured that ongoing social safety net programs could be quickly mobilized to respond to the economic vulnerabilities created during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The CPRO modality is deemed relevant, appropriate, and efficient for this program, as it allows DMCs to address spending requirements for health, social, and economic measures in response to the pandemic. Discussions with the government to align the modality with response measures facilitated critically needed fiscal stimulus to better manage the immediate economic and financial shocks created by the rapidly unfolding COVID-19 pandemic and an overwhelmed health care system.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong coordination between ADB and the executing agency, the Department of Economic Affairs (DEA), and the high level of government ownership of the program were the keys to developing a program focused on the vulnerable sections of society and to delivering an effective response to the pandemic at unprecedented speed and scale. The program supported key initiatives of the government to mitigate pandemic impacts. ADB and the DEA closely interacted to monitor and report on the progress of program implementation.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The program had multiple value-additions to strengthening the resilience of the health care system, including strengthening the capacity of intensive care units, staff capacity, laboratory infrastructure, supply chains, and the capacity for testing. It also improved surveillance and supported the adoption of a new IT-based unified health surveillance system. Furthermore, it\] scaled up research interventions for identifying new pathogens, and deployment of newer medical technology through national research institutions.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Lack of readily available and measurable social and economic data can limit the scope of the design and monitoring framework (DMF). The CPRO loan supported 12 schemes of the PMGKY program, which extended insurance cover for health workers, cash transfers, food and fuel transfers, and employment guarantees.. However, the DMF included only eight schemes for monitoring as part of the CPRO loan because specific results and performance Indicators could not be devised during appraisal considering the urgency of the requirement for assistance.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Multi-pronged regulatory and financial support to small businesses and employment security measures provided financial security to the vulnerable households as they responded to macroeconomic shocks. These enhanced program effectiveness in enhancing social and economic protection to vulnerable businesses and sections of the population at the time of COVID.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Leveraging private sector capacities to effectively contribute to emergency measures were key success stories. These were done through constructive partnerships, as demonstrated by the lab development for enhancing testing capacities at the start of the pandemic, and by leveraging women-led self-help groups for manufacturing personal protective equipment.

Project Number: 54182-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Targeted and medium- to long-term assistance in key sectors is particularly critical for Georgia to sustainably recover from COVID-19 impacts. There is opportunity in crisis that, if taken advantage of expeditiously, can lead to significant beneficial measures. In the case of Georgia, the depth of the crisis that led ADB and other development partners (DPs) to offer a large rescue package illustrates what can be achieved under crisis situations.

Project Number: 54191-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The importance of a strong and well-functioning PMU, with a full-time and qualified project coordinator, is paramount.

Project Number: 34348-013
Project Name: Preventive Health System Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project’s quality-at-entry can often be assessed through the project DMF. A good project DMF should be self-explanatory and formulated as a real and understandable tool for project implementation and project monitoring by the executing agency, particularly by the PMU staff.

Project Number: 34348-013
Project Name: Preventive Health System Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Need for market-based remuneration. The government's cost norm is too low and not competitive. Because of this, recruiting experienced senior national consultants (with the exception of retired government employees) remains a challenge. Training allowances are also too low. This also applies to its training allowances, which discourages participation by staff who must travel from where they live and work to take part. Future projects should include a clause that allows remuneration for consultants and allowances for staff training to be market-based.

Project Number: 34348-013
Project Name: Preventive Health System Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Phased approach. Implementing the project across almost four dozen provinces and such a wide geographical area led to challenges both in providing laboratory equipment in a timely manner and in ensuring that training was provided in the use of this equipment. A phased approach prioritizing provinces with stronger technical capacities would ensure a closer link between the provision of equipment and training thus increase efficiency.

Project Number: 34348-013
Project Name: Preventive Health System Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Consideration of local government fiscal capacity. The project originally required participating provinces to provide funds to upgrade the PPMCs (provincial preventive medicine centers), including their laboratories. While local government commitment to preventive health care is significant in Viet Nam, the fiscal situation of some provinces does not allow investments of the scale that was needed. ADB needs to carefully consider the local costs of such infrastructure projects and the fiscal ability of local governments to meet them before committing to an investment.

Project Number: 34348-013
Project Name: Preventive Health System Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate consultation and participation at the state and community level during project design and scope change are essential for understanding the institutional capacity, and for identifying appropriate implementation arrangements and required technical assistance. Although most of the project activities were at state level, the project was designed to be managed at the national level. Consultations with all stakeholders at state or lower level during the design and preparation of scope changes would have been helpful to identify most appropriate activities and arrangements.

Project Number: 33312-013
Project Name: Basic Social Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Although the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) government and ADB flexibly responded to the changes required as a result of second Compact, few activities were implemented during the first 5 years after the project was approved. To respond to such changes, long-term technical assistance on the ground and closer communication between local stakeholders and ADB is critical, through consultations and review missions.

Project Number: 33312-013
Project Name: Basic Social Services Project
Report Date:
CSV