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Lesson
Incorporating capacity development (whenever and wherever needed) as an integral part of project design results in a more holistic development approach. At the beginning of the project, the MEW was institutionally weak, and the Hari Rud RBA did not exist. The project spent $7.5 million in loan and grants funds for capacity development.

Project Number: 36252-013
Project Name: Western Basins Water Resources Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
When designing a project even in a difficult and tenuous political situation, it may be best to be strongly proactive rather than tentative and conservative. In an area that is just recovering from a long civil war, with a practically nonfunctioning implementing agency and a weak government capacity, the ADB preparation team designed a project with a whole gamut of proactive measures to bring about improved water resources management using basin-wide IWRM principles.

Project Number: 36252-013
Project Name: Western Basins Water Resources Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Utilizing executing and implementing agencies with prior experience of ADB-assisted projects, helps strengthen the support for an emergency assistance project. Their experience with the established procedures could facilitate preparatory activities for an emergency assistance. For instance, competent technical staff from these agencies could be readily mobilized and rapidly deployed during the conduct of disaster project reconnaissance and preparation missions.

Project Number: 48326-001
Project Name: Northern Flood-Damaged Infrastructure Emergency Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Providing a degree of flexibility in the scope and output targets during the preparation of emergency assistance projects could help in the attainment of project results. Often, greater emphasis is made to facilitate project formulation and get activities going on the ground as expeditiously as possible, usually within three months from the occurrence of a disaster. Under such circumstances, however, it is difficult to be precise as to what actually needs to be done.

Project Number: 48326-001
Project Name: Northern Flood-Damaged Infrastructure Emergency Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Appropriate scoping of DNA is a critical element in planning a rehabilitation project. This could be enhanced through collaborative engagement of all key stakeholders during the conduct of reconnaissance and rapid assessment. For example, appropriate technical guidance in the preparation and conduct of DNA, taking into account the managerial and operational skills and institutional capacities of the concerned agencies, could promote a more streamlined implementation of project activities.

Project Number: 48326-001
Project Name: Northern Flood-Damaged Infrastructure Emergency Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A better understanding of the institutional capacity and security risks in fragile and conflict-affected countries is essential to ensure project preparedness. Major changes in scope and implementation delays, including possible cancellations, are expected. Project processing can take more time as a result of unanticipated security concerns in post-conflict situations, frequent changes of government counterparts, and a lack of response from executing agencies. Building capacities and strengthening institutions is essential.

Project Number: 42094-032
Project Name: Energy Sector Development Investment Program—Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
There is a need for a better computation of costs at appraisal along with the inclusion of realistic contingencies, especially in areas with high security risks. Accurate cost estimates, particularly at appraisal, help minimize adjustments and revisions during implementation. ADB needs to undertake better duediligence of the project cost estimates at appraisal and a more realistic assessment of existing public procurement regulations. The possible inclusion of add-on security risk costs helps minimize cost overruns and poor project results.

Project Number: 42094-032
Project Name: Energy Sector Development Investment Program—Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
The strategic oversight of funds is enhanced when their governance structure includes some form of third-party engagement. The original Board paper outlined the governance structure of CCF and included at its apex ADB and external financing partners, whose function would be to provide strategic direction to the CCF and to meet ADB for annual consultations and to review progress, administration, and the annual work program. Since there are no external financing partners, ADB sits alone at the apex of the governance structure.

Project Number: No PN
Project Name: Climate Change Fund, 2008–2019
Report Date:
Lesson
Technical assistance with a narrow focus, immediate policy relevance, and carried out with national champions with financial and/or planning authority was key to the successful integration of climate technologies in country investment plans. Careful and realistic planning is required for the production and dissemination of outputs, since this involves multiple institutions within a given timeframe.

Project Number: No PN
Project Name: Climate Change Fund, 2008–2019
Report Date:
Lesson
Institutional capacity development on climate change in ADB’s DMCs requires long-term engagement. Just over half of CCF resources went toward capacity development. The lack of basic climate data, technical expertise, and qualified local staff in many DMCs means that some processes, especially baseline studies, vulnerability assessments, and cost–benefit analysis of mitigation and adaptation measures, have to be adjusted to reflect realities on the ground.

Project Number: No PN
Project Name: Climate Change Fund, 2008–2019
Report Date:
Lesson
Clear delineation of country activities with transparent funding allocations in cross-border RCI TA projects involving several countries helps smooth implementation and increase project success. The transaction costs in cross-border RCI TA projects tend to be high both in terms of resources and the time required to achieve agreement among stakeholders in the participating countries. It takes much longer to negotiate and agree to a common proposal in a cross-border RCI TA project than in a usual TA project.

Project Number: No PN
Project Name: Regional Cooperation and Integration Fund, 2007–2019
Report Date:
Lesson
Active engagement of national stakeholders and ADB resident missions from the outset helps improve ownership and project success. The likelihood of success is greater when an RCIF TA project is designed with genuine consultation with concerned line ministries, national agencies, the private sector (if relevant), and ADB resident missions. Active engagement of in-country stakeholders helps ADB to identify binding constraints and solutions, and to internalize implementation challenges at the TA design stage. This makes clear the roles and responsibilities of each stakeholder.

Project Number: No PN
Project Name: Regional Cooperation and Integration Fund, 2007–2019
Report Date:
Lesson
Where counterpart staff has insufficient capacity, institutions are weak, and where there are few examples of supply and works contracts that form the basis of cost estimates, there is need for a more thorough appraisal process.

Project Number: 37078-013
Project Name: Power Transmission and Distribution Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In FCAS situations in particular, the project design has to be based on a fair assessment of security conditions but needs to include contingencies for addressing new security risks during project implementation.

Project Number: 37078-013
Project Name: Power Transmission and Distribution Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Early delegation of project administration to the resident mission can result in closer working between ADB staff and counterpart officials.

Project Number: 37078-013
Project Name: Power Transmission and Distribution Project
Report Date: