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Lesson
Well-conceived and structured TA associated with the program addressed the obstacles presented by system inefficiencies and limited capacity. Survey data and other forms of monitoring can be subject to local manipulation by incumbents and unintended beneficiaries. A related problem is rent-seeking in local agencies and the government can similarly distort monitored data, and misdirect public transfer payments and other benefits.

Project Number: 40003-013
Project Name: Poverty Reduction and Millennium Development Goals Acceleration Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The complication arose from the government’s decision, during SP2, to inject the other half of the anticipated policy output units into the subprogram, by extending it by another 5 months. This put considerable work and budget pressure on the project team. And that may have been a factor in the inability to fully achieve several output actions in time for this report.

Project Number: 40003-013
Project Name: Poverty Reduction and Millennium Development Goals Acceleration Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The interim restructuring of the program, at the request of the government, lowered the total program cost to the government. It also put greater emphasis on the program’s design features than on embedding the program deeper within public institutions. This may have been fiscally expedient but will have long-term costs that are hard to measure now. The government may have employed the program’s national consultants after it decided to fund SP2 and SP3, but ADB is unlikely to receive information on the results.

Project Number: 40003-013
Project Name: Poverty Reduction and Millennium Development Goals Acceleration Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Better coordination with Australian Aid was an explicit part of the PRMAP from the beginning. Adjustments to ADB’s country strategy and the design of follow-on programs may be better informed if there is sharing of information during and after each intervention.

Project Number: 40003-013
Project Name: Poverty Reduction and Millennium Development Goals Acceleration Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Accurate baseline data and consistently measurable indicators enable a reliable assessment of end−of−project accomplishments.

Project Number: 40003-013
Project Name: Poverty Reduction and Millenium Development Goals Acceleration Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Policy reforms, coupled with institutional measures to address system inefficiencies and capacity constraints, enhance the effectiveness of human development interventions.

Project Number: 40003-013
Project Name: Poverty Reduction and Millenium Development Goals Acceleration Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The adequacy and appropriateness of project design have to be tailored to the project’s ultimate objectives and complexities. The PCR provided weak justification of the relevance of the extension and the insufficiency of indicators.

Project Number: 39662-012, 39662-022
Project Name: Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB was able to use its convening power effectively because it had the necessary in-house technical expertise. Public health experts on ADB's staff with knowledge of emerging infectious diseases were involved in designing and implementing the project. This in-house expertise made the dialogue with the technical and regional agencies to strengthen regional collaboration within and across the animal health and human health sectors possible.

Project Number: 39662-012
Project Name: Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
Each new outbreak of disease confronts projects such as this one, as well as the implementing partners and global community, with a fresh challenge, because its early spread outpaces the gathering of scientific evidence needed to formulate containment policies. Each successive outbreak is followed by an initial opaque period characterized by a frustrating lack of scientific evidence on which to base policies and technical guidance.

Project Number: 39662-012
Project Name: Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
The rapid launch and accelerated implementation of the project made necessary by the threat that avian influenza would become a pandemic made it difficult to define verifiable indicators for a number of the outputs under the regional capacity building and regional coordination components. A mid-term review of the project would have facilitated a review and updating of the design and monitoring framework.

Project Number: 39662-012
Project Name: Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
The project supported the One Health concept, which emphasizes the links between animal health and human health and emerging animal and human diseases. One Health provided a platform for unprecedented integration of animal, human and ecosystem health issues to fight the threat of avian influenza. The systematic collaboration of technical agencies across disciplines, such as FAO (veterinarians) and WHO (medical doctors) and civil society organizations (community health workers) supported by the project has promoted this concept since the beginning of the project.

Project Number: 39662-012
Project Name: Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB's high-level steering committee demonstrated ADB's institutional support, which enhanced coordination between development partners. The committee, comprising the heads of all regional departments and the Strategy and Policy Department and chaired by the director general of RSDD, provided prompt policy guidance and expedited decisions and actions. It also ensured that the needs of the countries were ascertained and that they had adequate access to project resources.

Project Number: 39662-012
Project Name: Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
Proper problem analysis is needed based on risk and mitigation analysis before rolling out a program under decentralization. Problem analysis was undertaken to some degree during project preparations. Risks were outlined in the project framework (under Assumptions and Risks) but little detail was given in the main text of the report and recommendation of the President, or in the project design.

Project Number: 34007-012, 34007-013
Project Name: Decentralized Health Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A comprehensive approach is needed for a well-functioning health system. Well-functioning provincial and district systems have proven to contribute to overall coordination and control of local health service delivery. During evaluation, health facility staff frequently cited the development of human resource capacity through longer-term fellowships as a key benefit of the project. Many of the project-supported fellows are now in key positions within the district and provincial health services. Many fellows thought that their careers would not have progressed so well without the project.

Project Number: 34007-012, 34007-018
Project Name: Decentralized Health Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Greater synergy is required between family planning and health-care services. Inclusion of family planning advocacy in future programs could help reduce maternal mortality, as high fertility and maternal mortality are correlated. During key informant interviews, many expressed an opinion that more support for family planning is needed. It will require a coordinated and balanced joint approach from MOH and BKKBN, supported by appropriate resources.

Project Number: 34007-012, 34007-017
Project Name: Decentralized Health Services Project
Report Date: