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Lesson
Project assets should have been handed over to fishing communities in project districts. Another impact of discontinuity under the project was poor asset management of social infrastructure. The MMAF did not hand over the constructed assets to the district or village at project completion. It is necessary that all infrastructure built under a project is handed over formally to appropriate institutions before the project ends.

Project Number: 32176-013
Project Name: Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Project Phase II
Report Date:
Lesson
Continuity of human resources should be ensured. During COREMAP II implementation, NGOs were engaged for 16 months and facilitated to set up community groups in villages, e.g., MCS groups, coral reef management bodies, and women’s groups. Several months after the NGOs left, district governments (Bintan, Natuna) assigned extension workers, but the NGOs’ engagement period was too short to ensure that the community groups were adequately operational and functional. In most villages, NGO staff were not absorbed into extension worker positions.

Project Number: 32176-013
Project Name: Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Project Phase II
Report Date:
Lesson
Coastal communities relying on coral reefs need comprehensive ecosystem management. Conservation and management are both focused on improving coastal livelihoods. Comprehensive ecosystem management is essential for communities’ ongoing engagement in conservation activities. Given the importance of mangroves, more stress should be placed on mangrove conservation nationwide. Strong legislation should be developed to ban the conversion of mangrove areas for shrimp and fish farming and prohibit illegal and destructive fishing.

Project Number: 32176-013
Project Name: Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Project Phase II
Report Date:
Lesson
Program design should be focused and selective, with a limited number of policy actions to ensure effective implementation and monitoring. The CMDPC supported a complex program with 93 policy actions (46 for subprogram 1 and 47 for subprogram 2). Limiting the number of policy actions in a program is consistent with the IED recommendations in the evaluation of ADB assistance to capital market development in 2008.

Project Number: 32507-013, 32507-023, 32507-032
Project Name: Capital Market Development Program Cluster (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The long-term nature of capital market development requires a road map with clear sequencing and prioritization of reforms as well intermediate and long-term outcomes, with periodic updating. A longer term and flexible framework for reforms, supported by a timely monitoring and evaluation system, would provide a context for the phasing of reforms and identifying the content of specific programs which typically cover 3–5 year periods.

Project Number: 32507-013, 32507-023, 32507-032
Project Name: Capital Market Development Program Cluster (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The post-program monitoring framework (PPMF) is a useful instrument in helping ensure the sustainability of reforms and providing a basis for continued ADB dialogue and support. The PPMF was a useful input to the design of the ADB policy-based loan supporting the Financial Market Development and Integration Program in 2012. It is also a good practice for ADB to support a post-monitoring program with technical assistance. However, the PPMF should monitor not only actions and outputs but also outcomes.

Project Number: 32507-013, 32507-023, 32507-032
Project Name: Capital Market Development Program Cluster (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The coverage of accompanying TA to support implementation of the reforms should match the scope and complexity of the program. The $1.5 million TA project was aimed at supporting the continuation of the reforms beyond the CMDPC, including the policy measures in the post-program monitoring framework. The other TA project amounting to $1.2 million TA project, with limited components, supported the implementation of a $600 million loan program with 93 policy actions to be completed by several government agencies.

Project Number: 32507-013, 32507-023, 32507-032
Project Name: Capital Market Development Program Cluster (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The focused intervention in water delivery needs to be implemented in conjunction with complementary projects or in appropriate (water-short) locations to ensure that higher-level project outcomes (e.g., increased yields and improved incomes) can be better realized.

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB can improve client service and reduce administrative and paperwork burden. This can be done by simplifying project disbursement (ensuring sufficiently large imprest account replenishment thresholds and simpler cost-sharing arrangements). Efforts should be made to reduce report generation in future projects (e.g., by combining scheme assessments, simplifying the feasibility study format, and delegating feasibility review to the respective districts and provinces).

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Continuing need for the project review process in ADB to allow a flexible project design if warranted, for example during this uncertain period in early 2000s for Indonesia. A more forthcoming discussion on risks and a flexible design at approval would have made it easier later to change the project scope and financing approach. This would have reduced the project implementation challenges and delays.

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A clear mechanism should be identified on how voluntary land contributions are agreed upon and compensated, if necessary, among the members of beneficiary groups (e.g., WUAs). Further, these contributions should be accounted for as counterpart funds to the project.

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
As a part of the continuing institution building, agriculture sector indicators can be improved by including more service performance indicators for agencies.

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Consider innovative water-saving technologies for some crops, such as using sprinkler irrigation for contoured lands, as water-saving technologies are becoming cheaper to implement.

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Staff training modules adopted under the project generally supported routine work functions of district and provincial agencies (e.g., planning, participatory consultations, construction management), rather than only project-specific tasks (e.g., loan disbursements and PISP-specific reporting).

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In moving forward with sector dialogue and preparation of new projects, competing needs should be continuously discussed particularly regarding the acceptable trade-off between staple food (rice) self-sufficiency (as a part of a national security plan) and its economic costs in terms of fiscal subsidy burden on the national and local budgets, as well as in terms of lower farm incomes.

Project Number: 32359-013
Project Name: Participatory Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date: