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Lesson
An additional lesson identified by this validation relates to regional projects: all parties should agree on uniform standards covering, in this case, vehicular movements across international boundaries. Both Thailand and the PRC have higher legal axle load limits than the Lao PDR. This creates enforcement issues on permissible axle load limits and should have been resolved early on in project preparation.

Project Number: 34231-013
Project Name: Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Greater Mekong Subregion: Northern Economic Corridor Project
Report Date:
Lesson
No additional lessons

Project Number: 31341-013
Project Name: Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Northern Area Rural Power Distribution Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project targets aimed at including vulnerable groups (women and ethnic groups) should be based on a thorough understanding of realities and local institutional capacity. In the project's gender action plan, the goal of reducing rice deficits was to be achieved by having women constitute 50% of farmers. Since rural women by tradition are fully active in farming, the 50% target was irrelevant. Moreover, there is no logical link between rice deficits and the number of female farmers.

Project Number: 34188-013
Project Name: Northern Community-Managed Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Almost all communities are experienced in managing their irrigation schemes and cultivating irrigated rice, but there remains a need for ongoing technical support and extension outreach after the schemes have been upgraded and turned over. There should be routine monitoring and support to the water user associations (WUAs). Without such support, the community-managed irrigation (CMI) systems will be slow to achieve their full economic potential, even though the investments may be economically viable as they stand.

Project Number: 34188-013
Project Name: Northern Community-Managed Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A comparison of the project and the Community-Managed Irrigation Sector Project (CMISP) experiences shows that effective control of construction costs through careful subproject selection, design, and construction supervision is essential to ensure that economic benefits are achievable. The project managers effectively absorbed the lesson of the CMISP, where high construction costs for many subprojects contributed to an ex-post EIRR that was well below the appraisal estimate.

Project Number: 34188-013
Project Name: Northern Community-Managed Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Agricultural extension activities usually consume a relatively small share of the total budget in irrigation projects, and therefore may get less attention from irrigation departments, which tend to focus on irrigation construction. The project experience shows that agricultural extension has a high pay-off where it is relevant to farmer needs, well supported by extension staff, and done over enough time to allow farmers to observe and digest the results.

Project Number: 34188-013
Project Name: Northern Community-Managed Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Because farm activities are highly seasonal, timely start-up of implementation is crucial in agriculture projects. This experience shows that the 6-month delay in mobilizing consultants contributed to the loss of a year of crop demonstration trials in the Year 3 subprojects.

Project Number: 34188-013
Project Name: Northern Community-Managed Irrigation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The need for the Bank of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (BOL) to rigorously supervise and control the banking system and acquire adequate capacity to do so in terms of staff and skills. The lack of capacity partly explains continuing weak financial positions and nonperforming loans of state-owned commercial banks.

Project Number: 33359-013
Project Name: Banking Sector Reform Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Monitoring and evaluation. The establishment of a monitoring and evaluation system during project inception is important and it should be maintained until the project completion. Lessons learned and recommendations from the evaluation should be considered in the design of future projects.

Project Number: 31345-013
Project Name: Second Education Quality Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To improve the effectiveness and efficiency of education management, it is essential to focus on building the capacity of provincial and district education offices during project implementation.

Project Number: 31345-013
Project Name: Second Education Quality Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Teacher motivation and competency are a key factor in improving the quality of the education systems. Therefore, the provision of in- service training, as well as improved incentives for teachers should be continuously reviewed and adjusted to ensure motivation and retain teachers.

Project Number: 31345-013
Project Name: Second Education Quality Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To increase enrollment and sustain school operation and maintenance, community ownership is key. Strong community ownership and increased awareness of children education will improve enrollment in secondary and post secondary education.

Project Number: 31345-013
Project Name: Second Education Quality Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Continuous policy dialogue and policy development are important for sustaining reforms. Under the Private Sector and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Development Program Cluster (PSME) this was achieved through regular reviews, production of policy discussion notes, and joint work with counterparts. The post-program partnership framework (P3F) has been instrumental in maintaining the dialogue between ADB and government counterparts.

Project Number: 35304-032, 35304-042
Project Name: Private Sector and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Development Program Cluster (Subprograms I and II)
Report Date:
Lesson
Trade policy should include measures that increase the benefits to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) from trade, including measures to make it administratively easy to obtain certificates of rules of origin, an outreach strategy to help SMEs on trade policy developments and utilization of preferential trade agreements, and implementation of intellectual property rights that could benefit SMEs, such as geographical indications (regional trademarks).

Project Number: 35304-032, 35304-045
Project Name: Private Sector and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Development Program Cluster (Subprograms I and II)
Report Date:
Lesson
Policy-based programs should be designed to reflect the capacity of the executing and implementing agencies, and policy reforms should be commensurate with the program loan or grant amount.

Project Number: 35304-032, 35304-044
Project Name: Private Sector and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Development Program Cluster (Subprograms I and II)
Report Date: