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Lesson
Clear horizontal and vertical roles for urban sector agencies are important under a multisector approach. A multisector approach in the urban sector is readily implementable in the Lao PDR, because, for the most part, subsectors are within the mandate of the ministry responsible for urban development and its provincial branches. The approach can be enhanced further with the inclusion of urban transport in urban projects. This would not be difficult, given the mandate of MPWT/DPWT.

Project Number: 33432-013
Project Name: Vientiane Urban Infrastructure and Services Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Need for better stakeholder analysis and involvement for complex programs. The RRP could have provided a better stakeholder analysis of the central government agencies and their evolving roles in the management of environmental and social safeguards. It omitted analysis of the mandate and remit of the Ministry of Finance and the key role that it would need to play in establishing sustainable financing mechanisms, including on the revenue collection aspects. The RRP should have flagged this as a substantial risk.

Project Number: 34543-017
Project Name: Environment and Social Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Capacity development is a long-term process encompassing multiple levels and institutional aspects. The RRP correctly identified poor institutional capacity in Lao PDR as another risk to the implementation of the ESP. Capacity development refers to many aspects other than training or skills improvement and is a long-term process, in which all stakeholders should participate.

Project Number: 34543-016
Project Name: Environment and Social Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Considering the full range of opportunities for enhancing the human resource base would produce a more sustainable outcome. The RRP correctly identified the weak human resource base of Lao PDR as a risk to the implementation of the ESP. These weaknesses remain with no immediate or short-term solution.

Project Number: 34543-015
Project Name: Environment and Social Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate donor coordination was important to implement a complex crosscutting program in a small country with many donor agencies. Donor coordination in the formulation and implementation of the ESP was adequate. The design of the World Bank's LENS project was well-synchronized with the ESP. The phasing-out of Sida assistance appears to have been well-timed with the phasing-in of development assistance from the Finnish Government. Donor coordination is important to ensure synchronization of activities and avoid duplication of effort.

Project Number: 34543-014
Project Name: Environment and Social Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Program design encompassing a good technical analytical basis was useful. The technical analytical basis for the formulation of the ESP was very sound. There were a large number of detailed studies and reports financed by ADB, the government, and other donors that the ESP could build on. This was particularly true in terms of environment-related information, data base and analytical work. Complex programs, such as the ESP, should be preceded by good analytical work in order to inform the program design, particularly the conditions to be included in the policy matrix.

Project Number: 34543-013
Project Name: Environment and Social Program
Report Date: