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Lesson
As envisaged in the TA’s risk analysis, changes in government and weak government support for the project can create risks in the implementation of the TA. Fortunately, team efforts at the resident mission and the increase of government support created consistency of the TA with the ADB country partnership strategy for Kazakhstan for 2017–2021 that commits extensive support to water and agriculture sectors, indicating IWRM as a key area for intervention. The TA was designed to highlight an existing knowledge gap using the best technical applications.

Project Number: 51364-001
Project Name: Establishment of Kazakstan Knowledge Center on Integrated Water Resources Management
Report Date:
Lesson
The capacity building activities transferred best practices to government agencies, academia, and researchers through trainings, workshops, and field activities. Nine events (Appendix 3) under the TA were organized before and during the TA’s implementation relating to IWRM issues where the total number of participants reached approximately 560 persons from different organizations. ADB should consider to include more training and learning exercises to be included in similar TA projects to provide more opportunities for local experts and consultants to gain first-hand knowledge.

Project Number: 51364-001
Project Name: Establishment of Kazakstan Knowledge Center on Integrated Water Resources Management
Report Date:
Lesson
The TA’s main output was to formulate the plan on the KKC-IWRM’s establishment for water issues consistent with the government’s vision. The MEGNR will use the structure for the existing institution and strengthen its capacity with proposed recommendations and the best available international experience. Under its supervision, the Committee for Water Resources reorganized the then existing methodological center, KazAgroMelioVodKhoz, into a center for water issues in Kazakhstan which led to the establishment of the KKC-IWRM.

Project Number: 51364-001
Project Name: Establishment of Kazakstan Knowledge Center on Integrated Water Resources Management
Report Date:
Lesson
The performance of the consultants was highly satisfactory. The international consultant responsible for first two outputs was very efficient in managing inputs to respond to the changing situations and needs on the ground. The consultants for the two pilot projects were very knowledgeable and had good communication skills to coordinate the projects with local teams. They were highly regarded by the executing agency and the implementation agencies.

Project Number: 51364-001
Project Name: Establishment of Kazakstan Knowledge Center on Integrated Water Resources Management
Report Date:
Lesson
Increasing water productivity with the use of drone and satellite technology is relatively new in the region and together with water accountability can be widely introduced in the region where similar water management structures are still in place. The TA’s outputs should be introduced to other developing member countries for scaling up in the region for better water efficiency.

Project Number: 51364-001
Project Name: Establishment of Kazakstan Knowledge Center on Integrated Water Resources Management
Report Date:
Lesson
The water sector in Kazakhstan and in the region was not in the ADB portfolio for more than a decade which created a knowledge vacuum about the sector’s complexity. The TA’s outputs were heavily dependent on the government’s decision to create a new water entity. The previous government which was involved in TA’s concept paper seemed to agree that this would be made available, however, due to the lack of commitment from the new government agencies, the TA experienced difficulties during its implementation.

Project Number: 51364-001
Project Name: Establishment of Kazakstan Knowledge Center on Integrated Water Resources Management
Report Date:
Lesson
In cooperation with the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), a Water Partnership Working Group was established, with participation of development partners (DPs) involved in the sector. The best practices in the sector and education were shared. This network greatly contributed to the TA’s outcome. DPs agreed to continue to support the sector in the country and at the regional level and confirmed their financial support in the institutional and investment programs.

Project Number: 51364-001
Project Name: Establishment of Kazakstan Knowledge Center on Integrated Water Resources Management
Report Date:
Lesson
Lack of information related to sensitivity of data led to change in research locations for pilot projects. Thus, it is important for a TA design to determine if data collection might be subject to any sensitivity (confidentiality restriction).

Project Number: 51364-001
Project Name: Establishment of Kazakstan Knowledge Center on Integrated Water Resources Management
Report Date:
Lesson
Technical assistance with a narrow focus, immediate policy relevance, and carried out with national champions with financial and/or planning authority was key to the successful integration of climate technologies in country investment plans. Careful and realistic planning is required for the production and dissemination of outputs, since this involves multiple institutions within a given timeframe.

Project Number: No PN
Project Name: Climate Change Fund, 2008–2019
Report Date:
Lesson
Institutional capacity development on climate change in ADB’s DMCs requires long-term engagement. Just over half of CCF resources went toward capacity development. The lack of basic climate data, technical expertise, and qualified local staff in many DMCs means that some processes, especially baseline studies, vulnerability assessments, and cost–benefit analysis of mitigation and adaptation measures, have to be adjusted to reflect realities on the ground.

Project Number: No PN
Project Name: Climate Change Fund, 2008–2019
Report Date:
Lesson
The strategic oversight of funds is enhanced when their governance structure includes some form of third-party engagement. The original Board paper outlined the governance structure of CCF and included at its apex ADB and external financing partners, whose function would be to provide strategic direction to the CCF and to meet ADB for annual consultations and to review progress, administration, and the annual work program. Since there are no external financing partners, ADB sits alone at the apex of the governance structure.

Project Number: No PN
Project Name: Climate Change Fund, 2008–2019
Report Date:
Lesson
The TA design and its outputs were an amalgam of diverse activities. Most of these outputs could have been managed under separate TA projects.

Project Number: 48040-001
Project Name: Export- and Innovation-Led Industrial Development
Report Date:
Lesson
The TA was successful in delivering knowledge products. One international forum and three workshops were organized to present three sector assessments and wine sector case study. The TA delivered a comprehensive innovation strategy, covering innovation, science and technology with clear roadmap and action plan. The TA also helped conduct an impact assessment, prepare and publish a research paper. The TA also funded a study tour for EIAA staff.

Project Number: 48040-001
Project Name: Export- and Innovation-Led Industrial Development
Report Date:
Lesson
The selection and use of individual consultants with specific skills allowed to timely achieve some of the planned outputs. The previously developed Terms of References (TORs) for the industrial economist and innovation expert were, however, challenging. As it was evident during the implementation, the requirements for industrial economist included a broad range of skills and requirements in specific sectors, which could not have been achieved without recruitment of resource persons with narrow skills.

Project Number: 48040-001
Project Name: Export- and Innovation-Led Industrial Development
Report Date:
Lesson
Staff turnover in implementing agencies created challenges during the project implementation. Strong partnership with executing and implementing agencies, as well as with donor partners, allowed to coordinate the activities and contributed to achieving outputs.

Project Number: 48040-001
Project Name: Export- and Innovation-Led Industrial Development
Report Date: