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Lesson
Technical assistance with a narrow focus, immediate policy relevance, and carried out with national champions with financial and/or planning authority was key to the successful integration of climate technologies in country investment plans. Careful and realistic planning is required for the production and dissemination of outputs, since this involves multiple institutions within a given timeframe.

Project Number: No PN
Project Name: Climate Change Fund, 2008–2019
Report Date:
Lesson
Institutional capacity development on climate change in ADB’s DMCs requires long-term engagement. Just over half of CCF resources went toward capacity development. The lack of basic climate data, technical expertise, and qualified local staff in many DMCs means that some processes, especially baseline studies, vulnerability assessments, and cost–benefit analysis of mitigation and adaptation measures, have to be adjusted to reflect realities on the ground.

Project Number: No PN
Project Name: Climate Change Fund, 2008–2019
Report Date:
Lesson
The strategic oversight of funds is enhanced when their governance structure includes some form of third-party engagement. The original Board paper outlined the governance structure of CCF and included at its apex ADB and external financing partners, whose function would be to provide strategic direction to the CCF and to meet ADB for annual consultations and to review progress, administration, and the annual work program. Since there are no external financing partners, ADB sits alone at the apex of the governance structure.

Project Number: No PN
Project Name: Climate Change Fund, 2008–2019
Report Date:
Lesson
Active engagement of national stakeholders and ADB resident missions from the outset helps improve ownership and project success. The likelihood of success is greater when an RCIF TA project is designed with genuine consultation with concerned line ministries, national agencies, the private sector (if relevant), and ADB resident missions. Active engagement of in-country stakeholders helps ADB to identify binding constraints and solutions, and to internalize implementation challenges at the TA design stage. This makes clear the roles and responsibilities of each stakeholder.

Project Number: No PN
Project Name: Regional Cooperation and Integration Fund, 2007–2019
Report Date:
Lesson
Clear delineation of country activities with transparent funding allocations in cross-border RCI TA projects involving several countries helps smooth implementation and increase project success. The transaction costs in cross-border RCI TA projects tend to be high both in terms of resources and the time required to achieve agreement among stakeholders in the participating countries. It takes much longer to negotiate and agree to a common proposal in a cross-border RCI TA project than in a usual TA project.

Project Number: No PN
Project Name: Regional Cooperation and Integration Fund, 2007–2019
Report Date:
Lesson
Well designed and adequately resourced technical assistance is critical in helping governments with limited technical capacity deliver a complex set of reforms. This is demonstrated by the broadening of the tax base by implementing the goods and services tax. Collected revenue doubled during 2012–2016 with the help of sustained and targeted support from ADB starting in 2010.

Project Number: 39658-013
Project Name: Economic Recovery Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Successful privatization of state-owned enterprises requires strong political commitment and government ownership. The new government failed to carry forward the privatization program articulated in the report and recommendation of the President. This underlines the need for such reforms to be based on broad stakeholder consultations, and the importance of a high degree of political consensus on the goals and process of the reform.

Project Number: 39658-013
Project Name: Economic Recovery Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Terms of reference must be adjusted in case of change in policy direction. The change in policy direction under the renewed political leadership resulted in some adjustments of priorities on the activities and outputs under the project. However, the terms of reference of the concerned TA grant (component 1) were not adjusted accordingly. By formally adjusting the terms of reference, the consulting team may have caught up in a better manner with the clients’ changing needs, and perhaps clarified some of the issues causing the subsequent pretermination.

Project Number: 32437-013
Project Name: Restructuring of Specialized Financial Institutions
Report Date:
Lesson
A mechanism is needed to coordinate activities across project or technical assistance components. The absence of an explicit mechanism to coordinate activities across TA components and parts constrained the project implementation. A complex project with overlapping responsibilities across components, such as the project, needs an effective coordination mechanism.

Project Number: 32437-013
Project Name: Restructuring of Specialized Financial Institutions
Report Date:
Lesson
Baseline and quantitative performance indicators are required in the technical assistance framework. The lack of baseline and quantitative performance indicators affected the measurement of results and management of the project. It is imperative for a project appraisal team to identify suitable indicators during appraisal.

Project Number: 32437-013
Project Name: Restructuring of Specialized Financial Institutions
Report Date:
Lesson
The scope of financial and portfolio audit must be agreed at appraisal. Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives’ post-project achievements underscore the importance of financial and portfolio audits as the basis for restructuring and operational planning. The scope of such important yet sensitive undertakings should be discussed in detail with the concerned agencies during appraisal.

Project Number: 32437-013
Project Name: Restructuring of Specialized Financial Institutions
Report Date:
Lesson
A thorough information gap analysis is needed at entry. The project appraisal team expected the project consultants to identify information and analytical gaps, and the specific needs of beneficiary institutions at the inception stage of TA implementation. Such a preparatory study should have been undertaken during the processing and appraisal stages.

Project Number: 32437-013
Project Name: Restructuring of Specialized Financial Institutions
Report Date:
Lesson
Better information and knowledge management is needed within ADB. This evaluation was constrained by the limited availability of consultant reports. An effective information and knowledge management system should be in place to ensure that TA outputs are properly stored within ADB, and can be easily retrieved.

Project Number: 32437-013
Project Name: Restructuring of Specialized Financial Institutions
Report Date: