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Lesson
Performing adequate risk assessment and identifying mitigation measures accordingly at appraisal, including sufficient stakeholder consultations, are important measures in ensuring smooth project implementation and readiness. Specifically, safeguards risk assessment would benefit from a thorough due diligence and analysis of project risks, which reduces the potential safeguards related issues, specifically with respect to land acquisition and resettlement compensation.

Project Number: 47281-001
Project Name: National Highway Network Development in Balochistan Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Developing outcome and output indicators that are consistent with the project design allows appropriate assessment of project achievement against the defined targets. Well-formulated indicators support the accurate measurement of project achievements as defined in the design and monitoring framework. For example, the reduction in transport costs could be directly measured by lower transport fares and vehicle operating costs.

Project Number: 47281-001
Project Name: National Highway Network Development in Balochistan Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of a financial cost-benefit evaluation for the toll revenue-generating motorway is a methodological weakness. The project completion report (PCR) did not explain why it did not conduct a financial cost-benefit evaluation for the toll revenue-generating motorway. This validation notes that the RRP too did not conduct such evaluation.

Project Number: 48402-001, 48402-002
Project Name: National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot Section Project and National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot–Khanewal Section Project - Additional Financing
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Lesson
Due diligence for future projects should include developing a thorough understanding of the institutional setup and internal review and approval procedures as well as mapping out effective mitigation measures to minimize delays. This project's implementation was affected by cumbersome approval mechanisms at the executing agency (EA) headquarters for contract variations and extensions. Frequent interventions by ADB and EA top management were required to expedite decision-making.

Project Number: 48402-001, 48402-002
Project Name: National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot Section Project and National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot–Khanewal Section Project - Additional Financing
Report Date:
Lesson
Timely and appropriate changes in scope and reallocation of loan and grant proceeds responding to actual project needs emerging from implementation can help utilize available loan and grant resources in a more targeted and efficient manner to facilitate more activities and deliver more outputs. For example, responding to the government’s request relating to E35 contributed directly to developing an efficient and safer transport corridor between Islamabad, Faisalabad, and Multan for more connectivity between the various parts of the country.

Project Number: 48402-001, 48402-002
Project Name: National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot Section Project and National Motorway M–4 Gojra–Shorkot–Khanewal Section Project - Additional Financing
Report Date:
Lesson
A well-designed project performance management system greatly facilitates the identification, quantification, and valuation of economic benefits, and help in evaluating the extent of the project’s effectiveness.

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The achievement of project outcomes and outputs and the development impact of the project demonstrate the effectiveness of WSS projects in increasing the economic welfare of the poorest and most disadvantaged people in a country.

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The design and effective implementation of a project performance monitoring system is essential to the economic and financial evaluation of water supply and sanitation projects. The collection of benefits data helps in the identification, quantification, and valuation of economic and financial benefits for evaluation during and after project completion

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Small projects in the water supply and sanitation sector have high capital costs relative to larger projects where economies of scale are a factor and affect tariff levels and affordability in smaller communities. Government budgetary support is necessary to ensure operation and maintenance and long-term benefits when economies of scale are absent. Budgetary support also maintains affordable tariffs for the most disadvantaged.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Establishing high-level steering committees and working groups to ensure smooth coordination among various government agencies is an important element in the success of reform implementation, In this project, it entailed the operationalization of the Pakistan Single Window (PSW), a complex undertaking that required close coordination with various government agencies for efficient trade facilitation.

Project Number: 52049-001, 52049-003
Project Name: Trade and Competitiveness Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The implementation of large investment programs could be streamlined with the engagement of a loan-funded project management consultant from the beginning using advance procurement.

Project Number: 37192-023, 37192-033, 37192-043, 37192-044
Project Name: Power Transmission Enhancement Investment Program (Tranche 4 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
A design and monitoring framework could become more useful and informative for assessment if it could include quantifiable indicators for capacity building when the requirement is identified during program appraisal.

Project Number: 37192-023, 37192-033, 37192-043, 37192-044
Project Name: Power Transmission Enhancement Investment Program (Tranche 4 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
In designing the design and monitoring frameworks (DMFs) for the COVID-19 Pandemic Response Option (CPRO), the approach was to extract aspects of the government's response plan that reflected ADB priorities and offered points of engagement with the government, and to restrict the number of indicators and targets so as not to burden the government. However, an unintended consequence is that this can weaken the logic and evidence base of the DMF, making it difficult to satisfactorily demonstrate the achievement of the program outcome.

Project Number: 54193-001
Project Name: COVID-19 Active Response and Expenditure Support Program
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Lesson
Inclusion of a financial management specialist in the project team could help identify and resolve audit issues on time.

Project Number: 44214-024
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience of Watersheds in Mountain Eco-Regions
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Lesson
While the project contributed to gender equality and social inclusion in the project area, longer-term engagement with communities and development practitioners is needed to deepen inclusion in a region that has a high prevalence of gender and caste-based discrimination.

Project Number: 44214-024
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience of Watersheds in Mountain Eco-Regions
Report Date: