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CSV
Lesson
The transformative policy, institutional reforms, and student- and teacher-centered approaches are key to the progressive improvement of the upper secondary education (USE) subsector in Cambodia. The dropout rate of 8.0% among science scholarship recipients was low compared with the national average of 18.5% in USE, and science stream students performed better in the grade 12 exam in terms of higher scores compared to their peers in the social science stream.

Project Number: 47136-003
Project Name: Upper Secondary Education Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Continued capacity building is required for Cambodia and the Lao PDR to move to a higher level of technical capacity in handling sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) concerns. The project has strengthened SPS capacity in Cambodia and the Lao PDR and facilitated product-specific market access agreements with neighboring countries in the Greater Mekong Subregion. It strengthened academic aspects of SPS, which were nonexistent before the project. It enabled knowledge transfer in priority SPS areas from the training and day-to-day coaching provided by project consultants.

Project Number: 43120-013
Project Name: Trade Facilitation: Improved Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Handling in Greater Mekong Subregion Trade Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Unsynchronized consultant recruitment, procurement of goods, and facility upgrades could create inefficiencies and lead to a wastage of time and resources and delayed delivery of project benefits. While overall the project proceeded smoothly, it encountered some challenges that offer valuable lessons to future projects. First, as the timing of consultant inputs and procurement of laboratory facilities and equipment were not synchronized, i.e., consultants would arrive early while facilities were not yet ready, less-than-efficient inputs were obtained.

Project Number: 43120-013
Project Name: Trade Facilitation: Improved Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Handling in Greater Mekong Subregion Trade Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Providing targeted resources to ensure sufficient understanding of ADB procurement and project administration guidelines, particularly among first-time ADB executing and implementing agencies, will help avoid startup delays. Minor implementation startup delays were encountered because of the unfamiliarity of some first-time implementing agencies with ADB procurement, financial management, and disbursement procedures. But after trainings were provided and consultants mobilized, implementation accelerated significantly.

Project Number: 43120-013
Project Name: Trade Facilitation: Improved Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Handling in Greater Mekong Subregion Trade Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Ensuring the sustainability of project benefits would require serious efforts from the component implementation units (CIUs) to raise funds from various sources. Governments have allocated annual budgets for CIUs to continue post-project operations. But financial sustainability is still a concern, as government allocations are sufficient to cover only routine facility maintenance and supplies and not surveillance, animal and pest outbreak responses, and repair of critical laboratory equipment.

Project Number: 43120-013
Project Name: Trade Facilitation: Improved Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Handling in Greater Mekong Subregion Trade Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Collaboration can save time and resources in teacher training and development.

Project Number: 43260-013
Project Name: Third Education Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong government ownership and commitment and leadership are critical in steering a demanding program design to implement reforms and deliver services effectively.

Project Number: 43260-013
Project Name: Third Education Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Gender targets need to be backed by strong feasibility analyses.

Project Number: 43260-013
Project Name: Third Education Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Cost-effective methodologies are essential to expand and enhance the impact of teacher training and development and school management improvement activities.

Project Number: 43260-013
Project Name: Third Education Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Slow decision-making within the executing agency for procurement and contract management can affect project implementation. More attention to understanding and streamlining review and approval procedures in the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport (MoEYS) during project preparation would have helped minimize implementation delays.

Project Number: 38559-022
Project Name: Enhancing Education Quality Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong government commitment and ownership are critical for successfully steering a demanding project design to effective service delivery. A large number of reforms (e.g., policy framework for teacher education, strengthening the National Institute of Education (NIE), teacher competencies, establishing monitoring and quality assurance systems, and improving textbook procurement policy) were possible only with strong commitment and ownership of the government and the executing agency.

Project Number: 38559-022
Project Name: Enhancing Education Quality Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Solid project preparation based on comprehensive sector analysis and learning from previous operations is crucial for effective project design. The integrated and far-reaching project design of the Enhancing Education Quality Project (EEQP) was the result of the extensive stakeholder consultations and findings of the sector analysis undertaken as a part of the project preparatory technical assistance.

Project Number: 38559-022
Project Name: Enhancing Education Quality Project
Report Date:
Lesson
One key lesson is the importance of providing sustained, well-designed, and consistent support to sector development. In this case, sustained support enabled the thoughtful evolution of a successful system for delivering large-scale, demand-driven, community-based, nonformal programs. A second lesson learned is that the introduction of new approaches, such as introducing competency-based training (CBT) to a fledgling system, requires significant effort and resources. More time and money was needed to develop the skills standards, curricula, assessment tools, and learning packages.

Project Number: 40555-012
Project Name: Strengthening Technical and Vocational Education and Training Project
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Lesson
Realistic estimation of unit costs is crucial for effective project design and achievement of originally planned outputs. Underestimation of the unit cost of Secondary Resource Centers (SRCs) at appraisal resulted in modifying the number of SRCs that could be constructed under the project.

Project Number: 38559-022
Project Name: Enhancing Education Quality Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate capacity within the executing agency to be able to (i) recruit qualified and experienced consultants to support it in procurement work and in contract management, and (ii) select contractors and suppliers that are able to perform satisfactorily on contracts, is critical for minimizing deficiencies in procurement during project implementation. In this project, MoEYS could have more effectively utilized the project management and implementation support consultants to assist it in recruiting individual procurement consultants and in contract management.

Project Number: 38559-022
Project Name: Enhancing Education Quality Project
Report Date:
CSV