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Lesson
ADB should also provide executing agencies (EAs) with adequate training in consulting service contract management to ensure cost effective and quality consulting services.

Project Number: 33437-013
Project Name: Songhua River Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Domestic approval procedures and timelines for subprojects should be carefully reviewed and adequately factored into project schedules so that the schedules can be adhered to; and

Project Number: 33437-013
Project Name: Songhua River Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Complicated implementation arrangements for future projects should be avoided to reduce challenges and increase efficiency in project implementation; (

Project Number: 33437-013
Project Name: Songhua River Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project advanced these reforms and helped to develop a new way of thinking about floods and their broader ecological significance in the Songhua River basin. The government agencies involved in the Songhua River basin have shifted their approach from only structural measures for flood control to a balanced approach using both structural and non- structural measures. However, there remains room for improvement in the development of different types of non-structural measures.

Project Number: 33437-013
Project Name: Songhua River Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The concept of integrated water resource management and the river basin management approach were recognized and put into practice by the PRC as adaptive processes. The government took steps to achieve such change. The Songhua River Basin Flood Management Master Plan was prepared first, and then the Songhua River Basin Comprehensive Plan was formulated. In regard to policy implementation, the flood forecasting, risk assessment, and warning systems were completed first, and the actions on flood retention area and flood insurance development are still ongoing.

Project Number: 33437-013
Project Name: Songhua River Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The flood management approach accepts that certain parts of the landscape will occasionally be flooded and seeks to reduce the ultimate cost to society. This includes taking measures to prevent floods from becoming disasters, anticipating worst-case scenarios, and identifying opportunities for conveying the resultant flood wave through the river system in a safe and largely predictable manner.

Project Number: 33437-013
Project Name: Songhua River Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project provides useful lessons on the process of changing institutional and policy making mindsets, in this specific instance in relation to flood management. Prior to the project, flooding was often perceived solely as an agent of damage and disruption to human settlement and socioeconomic activities, and even a cause of human casualties in the People's Republic of China (PRC). People, however, now realize that floods (in particular more frequent and smaller freshwater floods), sustain ecosystems and the services that ecosystems provide.

Project Number: 33437-013
Project Name: Songhua River Flood Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
While funded as a separate project, TA activities were well integrated into the overall project, resulting in effective guidance being provided in achieving project outputs. Consultants served as lead resource persons and technical support in (i) various training activities, (ii) completion of IEM strategies and action plans, (iii) formulation and revision of 33 local laws and regulations, and (iv) implementation of 18 pilot sites.

Project Number: 36445-022
Project Name: Capacity Building to Combat Land Degradation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The importance of establishing a properly functioning M&E system, which must not only monitor the performance of PRC–GEF partnership and individual investment projects but also monitor for global environmental benefits. Without such an M&E system, it will not be possible to verify the impact of PRC–GEF partnership interventions with respect to combating land degradation, reducing poverty, and conserving biodiversity.

Project Number: 36445-022
Project Name: Capacity Building to Combat Land Degradation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
As the first mountain-traversing expressway in Sichuan Province, the project expressway crossed geo-technically difficult and complicated terrain. To cope with various technical difficulties and challenges, Sichuan Provincial Transportation Department (SPTD) and SPECL initiated 14 technical studies associated with the project expressway's construction. Of the 14 studies, two were awarded state patents and eight were acknowledged as achievements at the provincial and ministry level.

Project Number: 32334-013
Project Name: Southern Sichuan Roads Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project cost amounted to CNY7.162 billion, which is CNY1.272 billion less than the CNY8.434 billion approved at appraisal. Project contract management was effective and efficient, focusing on key contract items including key personnel, equipment, scheduling, construction quality, safety, environmental protection, and avoiding corruption. Accumulated knowledge and experience were shared and disseminated. SPECL dispatched regular and special inspection missions during construction and issued orders, regulations, and special notices to contractors as needed.

Project Number: 32334-013
Project Name: Southern Sichuan Roads Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
As a pioneer in Sichuan Province in applying software to manage road projects, Sichuan Panxi Expressway Company Limited (SPECL) developed a construction management and administration system as the main tool managing major project implementation activities. Under the system, tripartite management of project fund application, disbursement, and supervision was established between the employer, contractors, and the local commercial bank.

Project Number: 32334-013
Project Name: Southern Sichuan Roads Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To effectively utilize consulting services, a clear and specific terms of reference for each consultant needs to be prepared with the expected outputs before consultants' mobilization to the project.

Project Number: 32336-013
Project Name: Western Yunnan Roads Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The 11 escape ramps built by the project to deal with the over 30 km of continuous decline of the expressway proved to be an effective safety feature.

Project Number: 32336-013
Project Name: Western Yunnan Roads Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Plantation and landscaping work for slope protection immediately taken after earth excavation proved to be an effective practice to ensure water conservation and environment protection.

Project Number: 32336-013
Project Name: Western Yunnan Roads Development Project
Report Date: