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Lesson
ASEB, with the support of the Government of Assam (GOA), took advance action to acquire land and clear other statutory hurdles, which eased implementation. In earlier ADB-assisted power sector projects, land acquisition and resettlement issues generally caused delays. Although ASEB was initially not fully conversant with ADB procedures, timely support from ADB and willingness of ASEB staff to adopt these practices helped implement the project. ASEB and GOA fully supported the project and retained key project management unit (PMU) staff.

Project Number: 36318-023
Project Name: Assam Power Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Before ADB's support, the Assam State Electricity Board (ASEB) had not taken on transmission and distribution (T&D) projects of such magnitude due to financial constraints. However, the successful project implementation amply demonstrates that, if appropriate institutional support is provided, it can carry out such a project adequately.

Project Number: 36318-023
Project Name: Assam Power Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Land acquisitions and resettlement. Most of the compensation rates for resettlement were higher than those in the resettlement plans. However, according to the data provided by each municipal sewerage company (MSC), the total resettlement costs for permanent land acquisition, temporary land use, building demolition, and associated items on the ground were lower than those estimated in the resettlement plan.

Project Number: 32327-013
Project Name: Hebei Province Wastewater Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Reclaimed water development. The government has not recognized the tariff issues related to recycled water, although 30% of treated wastewater is being recycled as of 30 June 2010. The government needs to streamline the tariff system for recycled water, including tariff setup, charging standards, and collection mechanisms.

Project Number: 32327-013
Project Name: Hebei Province Wastewater Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Sewer construction. For the Tangshan component, construction of a fully functioning sewer system should have been adequately addressed during the planning stage. The construction delay had a negative impact on the project. Technical preparation needs to be enhanced, as does overall coordination of project implementation among government agencies.

Project Number: 32327-013
Project Name: Hebei Province Wastewater Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Sludge treatment. Proper handling of sludge has been an issue for most wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) operating in the People's Republic of China (PRC) since traditional landfill options have become problematic. The government and WWTPs must find alternative solutions for sludge treatment. More sustainable sludge treatment methodologies may need to be considered during project preparation. Tangshan and Baoding are piloting the composting of sludge for fertilizer; however, this solution may not be sustainable without clear safety measures, due to increasing health concerns.

Project Number: 32327-013
Project Name: Hebei Province Wastewater Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Training for all PPA ranks and public awareness-raising were positive factors in improving conservation.

Project Number: 31381-013
Project Name: Protected Area Management and Wildlife Conservation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A formal monitoring system should have been established by the DWC at the start of the project.

Project Number: 31381-013
Project Name: Protected Area Management and Wildlife Conservation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It was unreasonable to expect government officers to engage in commercial links and marketing initiatives with private enterprise in such a short time.

Project Number: 31381-013
Project Name: Protected Area Management and Wildlife Conservation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Delegation of powers to the field enhanced pilot protected area (PPA) management but it also increased the importance of self-motivated PPA leadership.

Project Number: 31381-013
Project Name: Protected Area Management and Wildlife Conservation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The outreach program was made more sustainable by being implemented by the executing agency's own staff than it would have been by recruiting outside NGOs, who would have left when the project closed.

Project Number: 31381-013
Project Name: Protected Area Management and Wildlife Conservation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Regular review and updating of the project framework would have aided monitoring and evaluation.

Project Number: 31381-013
Project Name: Protected Area Management and Wildlife Conservation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Introducing large numbers of technical assistance (TA) consultants into the DWC that was understaffed resulted in inefficient use of consultancy expertise.

Project Number: 31381-013
Project Name: Protected Area Management and Wildlife Conservation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Heading the project management unit (PMU) with someone from outside the DWC was detrimental to engaging the department staff.

Project Number: 31381-013
Project Name: Protected Area Management and Wildlife Conservation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Loan covenant time frames underestimated the time required for the government procedures to amend the Fauna and Flora Protection Ordinance (FFPO) and for institutional reform.

Project Number: 31381-013
Project Name: Protected Area Management and Wildlife Conservation Project
Report Date: