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Lesson
The evaluation offers lessons regarding the need to properly adapt the scope and time frame of reforms to institutional capacity and to sequence reforms. Budget reform should be regarded as an evolving process and should focus on a more limited set of reforms that are within the reach of government institutions.

Project Number: 35376-023
Project Name: Second Phase of the Governance Reform Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Ensure the government understands the proposed project. Ensure that government agencies fully review and understand proposed projects. Reconfirmation with all relevant agencies is critical.

Project Number: 35087-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Use conservative cost estimates and ensure sufficient funding. The funding allocation should be sufficient to cover project costs; if it is not, the project scope should be reduced or the funding allocation increased with no delay during implementation.

Project Number: 35087-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Use phased reform programs. Radical reform programs, especially if they carry political risks, are likely to result in government resistance, unless the government strongly supports the concept. A phased long-term reform program is more likely to gain government support, especially if each stage is aligned with government objectives.

Project Number: 35087-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Understanding the sector environment in new member countries is important. When engaging in a new sector or country, understanding the key sector participants and their agendas, as well as developments in the sector is important. This will improve the project design and increase the likelihood that the project will have strong government support.

Project Number: 35087-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Subsidies for household sanitation will be offered, but will be very strictly and transparently targeted at those households measured as �poor level I� and �poor level II� using the Ministry of Planning's national Identification of Poor Households targeting mechanism. This is a proxy means test that measures easily observable household characteristics and assets and is implemented in all 24 provinces.

Project Number: 34382-022
Project Name: Tonle Sap Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Recognizing the low capacity and high level of effort required for monitoring and evaluation (M&E), an international M&E firm has been engaged under RWSSP2 to work alongside MRD M&E officers to develop systems and build capacity; and

Project Number: 34382-022
Project Name: Tonle Sap Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To offer a more consistent, harmonized approach to nongoverment organization (NGO) support, the Ministry of Rural Development (MRD) has engaged one NGO to provide support for all provincial teams, instead of hiring individual NGO teams to support each provincial department of rural development (PDRD);

Project Number: 34382-022
Project Name: Tonle Sap Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
RWSSP2 will only support the rehabilitation of non-functioning community ponds, rather than the construction of new ponds;

Project Number: 34382-022
Project Name: Tonle Sap Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To maximize cost effectiveness, the first emphasis of RWSSP2 is the rehabilitation of wells in disrepair;

Project Number: 34382-022
Project Name: Tonle Sap Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The Second Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project (RWSSP2) is being implemented in a much more focused geographic area, and in a more holistic manner, covering all villages in each selected commune and aiming at 100% water supply coverage and 75% sanitation coverage in order to achieve the intended collective health benefits;

Project Number: 34382-022
Project Name: Tonle Sap Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The provision of technical assistance (TA) should match the scope of targeted policy reforms and the capacity of implementing agencies. In addition, it appears from the evaluation of the program that ADB's great reliance on TA consultants to develop much of its policy and advisory input affects its ability to develop sustainable internal capacity on policy issues. It has thereby reduced ADB's ability to quickly respond to government requests for policy advice and to engage in long-term dialogue.

Project Number: 34135-013
Project Name: Financial Regulation and Governance Program
Report Date:
Lesson
In general, it is proposed that program loans should either not include highly complex and far-reaching policy reforms or build on enhanced policy dialogue, comprehensive technical assistance, and intensive monitoring and review by ADB. Lack of technical understanding on the part of political decision makers requires support for comprehensive and consistent advisory technical assistance throughout the drafting and approval process of new legislation.

Project Number: 34135-013
Project Name: Financial Regulation and Governance Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The evaluation offers some lessons regarding the need to (i) properly adapt the scope and time frame of comprehensive and sensitive policy reforms to institutional capacity, (ii) carefully sequence reforms, and (iii) take a long-term approach to development. Developing capital markets is a long-term process, for which 10-20 years may be considered a realistic time frame. Capital market reform should focus on a limited set of highly selective and sequenced reforms that are within reach of government implementation capacity.

Project Number: 34135-013
Project Name: Financial Regulation and Governance Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The need for better planning and coordination between all ministries and agencies that have a potential stake in a project's outputs. In the case of this project, NODES can be of relevance and use to the training and education programs offered and governed by various ministries and agencies - e.g., Ministry of Education, Vocational Training Authority.

Project Number: 33251-013
Project Name: Distance Education Modernization Project
Report Date: