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Lesson
Baseline data are important. During conflicts, data change: infrastructure is destroyed and people are displaced. Monitoring surveys are difficult to conduct because of restricted access. The project management unit failed to expand the management information system to assess subproject impacts, the absence of which made postproject evaluation difficult.

Project Number: 36601-013, 36601-023, 38111-013
Project Name: North East Community Restoration and Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Most contracts were relatively small and within the competence levels of local contractors, especially relevant in the difficult conditions for access and supply that applied during and after the conflicts. Use of local contractors, instead of outside companies, strengthened local ownership and avoided aggravating community and ethnic tensions.

Project Number: 36601-013, 36601-023, 38111-013
Project Name: North East Community Restoration and Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementation is difficult in the fluid security conditions of conflicts and their aftermath. However, staff members were motivated by the evident need for their services, as well as by pressure from both sides in the conflict to address basic infrastructure in all areas.

Project Number: 36601-013, 36601-023, 38111-013
Project Name: North East Community Restoration and Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The North East Community Restoration and Development implementation structure, including the delegation of responsibility to a provincial project management unit and the inclusion of all stakeholders in the provincial project coordination committee subproject selection process, was effective in implementing restoration activities. It provided a model for coordination between central, provincial, district, divisional, and local government, and encouraged cooperation with other agencies and minimized duplication of agencies' work.

Project Number: 36601-013, 36601-023, 38111-013
Project Name: North East Community Restoration and Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In a project of this nature, where there are serious security risks, and a potential for contractors' or consultants' suspension of works, or expected contract variations due to type of terrain, prompt decision making becomes critically important. This can be achieved through exceptional involvement of donors. ADB provided enhanced supervision both from headquarters and Afghanistan Resident Mission (AFRM). Staff were closely involved in identifying and promptly resolving issues.

Project Number: 39467-013
Project Name: North-South Corridor Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In future projects, both the government and donors should prepare realistic project schedules by carefully taking into account (a) the security situation and the time and resources required to carry out remedial actions for the safety of project teams throughout the projects; (b) actual construction period available in a year considering the altitude of the project areas and inclement weather conditions; (c) probability of rebidding due to lack of interest, competition, or exorbitant costs (beyond acceptable limits) offered by some interested bidders; (d) delays in contractor mobilization;

Project Number: 39467-013
Project Name: North-South Corridor Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Scrutiny of contractors and consultants before their selection is critical to the success of any project. In particular, in projects like this, which draw minimum interest because of security hazards, lack of oversight may jeopardize project implementation. Therefore, in Afghanistan, specifically in projects like this, such risks may be averted by giving more emphasis to quality and the performance record of both the consultants and the contractors, and not just the lowest price.

Project Number: 39467-013
Project Name: North-South Corridor Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adverse security issues and project start-up delays are two main factors that have adversely affected and delayed almost all previous projects in Afghanistan, except those where these issues were carefully handled in advance. Furthermore, insufficient surveys during project processing, and major changes in the technical design parameters during project implementation, can also cause serious implementation delays and significant cost overrun. The project suffered security issues until the situation was fixed with the help of additional security arrangements.

Project Number: 39467-013
Project Name: North-South Corridor Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A lack of exit planning resulted in no proper plan for continuation of activities and future use of information, education, and communication materials, including websites, interpersonal communication and training materials.

Project Number: 38581-022
Project Name: HIV/AIDS Prevention among Youth Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project monitoring was not systematic. An indicator list was prepared during the project's early stages, but the indicators were not adjusted and routinely reported as a result of weak monitoring capacity.

Project Number: 38581-022
Project Name: HIV/AIDS Prevention among Youth Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project delays were mostly caused by lengthy administrative processes resulting from complex ADB and government procedures.

Project Number: 38581-022
Project Name: HIV/AIDS Prevention among Youth Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Low cost norms made it difficult to attract competent, full-time staff for the central project management unit, resulting in project delays. There is a need to ensure proper staffing of the central project management unit.

Project Number: 38581-022
Project Name: HIV/AIDS Prevention among Youth Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Behavioral change communication, whether through mass media or interpersonal communication, is complex and specialized, and requires specialized expertise; a chief technical adviser should be provided throughout project implementation.

Project Number: 38581-022
Project Name: HIV/AIDS Prevention among Youth Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects should be responsive to change; as the media environment altered, the project design should have been adjusted.

Project Number: 38581-022
Project Name: HIV/AIDS Prevention among Youth Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Evaluation of the two nongovernment organization-implemented voluntary counseling and testing services demonstrated that population mapping, coordination between government agencies and the recruitment of suitable peers improved service targeting (particularly vulnerable populations). Setting optimistic testing targets that encouraged broad-brush recruitment of clients adversely affected testing results.

Project Number: 38581-022
Project Name: HIV/AIDS Prevention among Youth Project
Report Date: