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Lesson
Additional consideration should have been given to the provision of the following, which addresses particular problems encountered: An independent, external wastewater system design review should have been undertaken to more effectively review design work and ensure compliance with Indonesian design standards;

Project Number: 43255-013
Project Name: Urban Sanitation and Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project
Report Date:
Lesson
More technical input on community sanitation practice should have been included in the CDTA consultants’ terms of reference; and

Project Number: 43255-013
Project Name: Urban Sanitation and Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The more important role of women in project decision-making processes needed more emphasis in project implementation, especially in urban areas in Indonesia.

Project Number: 43255-013
Project Name: Urban Sanitation and Rural Infrastructure Support to the PNPM Mandiri Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Resilient irrigation structures. The operation and maintenance of agricultural infrastructure built through projects needs to be sustainable. Routine O&M costs have been reduced by the project’s concrete lining of the canals. In addition, the choice of this technology reduces water losses from canals and thus enhances irrigation efficiency and the reliability of water delivery. Where flooding is a predictable annual event, as in the Quang Binh subproject, concreting the top of the dykes and covering it with gravel may prevent damage.

Project Number: 30292-023
Project Name: Central Region Water Resources Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Financing repairs. The government should take effective financing measures for O&M and repairs to support IMCs and the cooperatives, especially through the provincial people’s committees. Mechanisms to ensure that IMCs and WUGs receive funds at the right time for repairs are needed. At a minimum, WUGs and cooperatives must work closely with the IMCs to ensure timely and effective O&M. The newly established Disaster Management Authority within MARD should play a role in this.

Project Number: 30292-023
Project Name: Central Region Water Resources Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Measures to minimize flood damage. Close monitoring of the condition of the infrastructure is needed and cost recovery measures should be instituted for O&M of: (i) tertiary systems managed by cooperatives, and (ii) primary and secondary systems managed by IMCs and IMEs. The findings of the monitoring exercises should be regularly shared with the central and provincial governments to help MARD and the DARDs prepare budgets and mobilize resources.

Project Number: 30292-023
Project Name: Central Region Water Resources Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Making use of water users groups. Although their autonomy was short-lived, WUGs functioned well using hydraulic boundaries. Project WUGs had their own bank accounts and stamp and the right to sign contracts. They received training in irrigation planning and management and financial management. Empowered water users became fully committed to the infrastructure that was crucial to their agriculture livelihood. It was acknowledged by the IMCs, the cooperatives, and even by DARDs that some WUGs constructed tertiary irrigation canals more quickly and/or at lower cost than PPMUs.

Project Number: 30292-023
Project Name: Central Region Water Resources Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Appropriate monitoring systems. The project introduced a project performance monitoring system that made use of GIS and was supposed to be applied by the PPMUs. However, since benefits started to materialize only upon completion of the project, the government was more interested in construction monitoring. After the project, no funds were available for the continued use of the project performance monitoring system and it has been abandoned.

Project Number: 30292-023
Project Name: Central Region Water Resources Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A thorough market risk assessment is crucial to determining the level of investment in agro-enterprises.

Project Number: 38662-023
Project Name: Henan Sustainable Agriculture and Productivity Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Private sector investments financed by ADB sovereign loans take longer to materialize.

Project Number: 38662-024
Project Name: Henan Sustainable Agriculture and Productivity Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A thorough due diligence of the corporate governance and ownership of enterprises intending to participate in an ADB loan-financed agricultural investment is essential to ensuring the viability of the investment.

Project Number: 38662-025
Project Name: Henan Sustainable Agriculture and Productivity Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Replication of sustainable reservoir rehabilitation and management models across different provinces requires high-level support from the central government.

Project Number: 40683-013
Project Name: Risk Mitigation and Strengthening of Endangered Reservoirs in Shandong Province Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Effective use of advance contracting and retroactive financing significantly contributes to efficient implementation and timely project completion.

Project Number: 40683-014
Project Name: Risk Mitigation and Strengthening of Endangered Reservoirs in Shandong Province Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Involving all key stakeholders strengthens public participation.

Project Number: 40683-015
Project Name: Risk Mitigation and Strengthening of Endangered Reservoirs in Shandong Province Project
Report Date:
Lesson
An effective grievance redress procedure and dialogue and consultation with affected persons are key to resolving grievances.

Project Number: 40683-016
Project Name: Risk Mitigation and Strengthening of Endangered Reservoirs in Shandong Province Project
Report Date: