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Lesson
ADB financial sector operations in India. The limited fiscal space for government guarantees, including to India Infrastructure Finance Company Limited, emphasizes the need for innovation and well-structured ADB interventions in the financial sector and infrastructure financing, including public nonsovereign operations, for ADB to remain relevant to changes and financial market developments in India.

Project Number: 41036-013
Project Name: Second India Infrastructure Project Financing Facility
Report Date:
Lesson
The success of India Infrastructure Project Financing Facility II draws important lessons of building and maintaining strong partnerships during project implementation, not only with the government and India Infrastructure Finance Company Limited (IIFCL) but also with development partners, banks and financial institutions, project sponsors, and other stakeholders. Building awareness, continuous dialogue, and strengthening safeguard practices of IIFCL and banks/ and financial institutions are crucial to ensure effective project implementation and disbursements.

Project Number: 41036-013
Project Name: Second India Infrastructure Project Financing Facility
Report Date:
Lesson
The design and implementation of the cluster program shows that it was too ambitious in its scope, and that depth of program engagement is more important than breadth of reforms. Improving the overall efficiency of the government is a complex undertaking. It requires major changes in existing institutional arrangements, human resource capacity, and legal and regulatory frameworks.

Project Number: 41666-013
Project Name: Punjab Government Efficiency Improvement Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Need for the government's continuous capacity enhancement in project preparation. The government should have conducted its own robust due diligence prior to processing new projects, particularly in terms of engineering and safeguards. Further, international financial institutions, including ADB, should continue providing technical support, including institutional and capacity development programs, to enable the executing and implementing agencies to independently prepare projects with sound technical inputs.

Project Number: 41122-033
Project Name: Road Corridor Investment Program - Project 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Need for comprehensive due diligence in safeguards and technical aspects. The cost overrun had two major causes: (i) an insufficient safeguard assessment during appraisal, and (ii) an inaccurate cost estimate. A comprehensive safeguards impact assessment during appraisal could have avoided the later realignment. Detailed analysis of alternative alignments and their associated potential safeguards impacts, both of environmental and social, should have been conducted as well.

Project Number: 41122-033
Project Name: Road Corridor Investment Program - Project 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Need for adequate resource allocation to preparatory works for new projects. The cost overrun of the civil works component was a primary reason for the cancellation, and was caused by inadequacies in the investment program appraisal with respect to safeguards, engineering design and the cost estimate.

Project Number: 41122-033
Project Name: Road Corridor Investment Program - Project 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Although Kunming municipal government and Yunnan provincial government provided additional counterpart funding for the project and committed to share a big portion of the ADB loan repayment, KWSG undertook a heavy financial burden resulting from domestic commercial loans for the project (about 44% of the total project cost) and the associated water plants and distribution works (100% of the total cost).

Project Number: 40052-013
Project Name: Kunming Qingshuihai Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The cost estimates at appraisal are conservative as they are based on the preliminary design with limited geological investigations. The potential cost increase due to complex and difficult terrain and geological conditions was not fully taken into account.

Project Number: 40052-013
Project Name: Kunming Qingshuihai Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Procurement could have been improved. Civil works for conveyance works could have been grouped in bigger packages to attract contractors with good reputation, higher qualification, stronger financial resources, and more experience with large civil works contracts. This will reduce the risk of contract implementation as well as reduce the cost for managing the large number of contracts.

Project Number: 40052-013
Project Name: Kunming Qingshuihai Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project facilitated the following corporate governance reforms of KWSG

Project Number: 40052-013
Project Name: Kunming Qingshuihai Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In addition to the physical works, a water quality online monitoring system was established under the project. The system will be integrated into the management information systems developed by KWSG which, as the central water supply monitoring and control platform, will play a significant role in supervising and monitoring the overall supply of reliable, safe and clean water to the city in the future.

Project Number: 40052-013
Project Name: Kunming Qingshuihai Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong commitment from the executing agency and the implementing agency is critical for successful project implementation. Yunnan provincial government and Kunming municipal government strongly supported the project. Additional CNY260 million counterpart funds were provided, and the provincial and municipal governments committed to share partial ADB loan repayment to help release Kunming Water Supply Group Company Limited (KWSG)'s financial burden.

Project Number: 40052-013
Project Name: Kunming Qingshuihai Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To minimize large variations in partner agreement nongovernment organization performance (PANGO), it is necessary to (i) evaluate, contract, and mobilize PANGOs within a specific time frame to avoid delays; (ii) critically evaluate budget proposals to ensure they are sufficient to deliver primary health care services; and (iii) set realistic selection criteria for evaluating the experience of PANGOs and their capacity to deliver services.

Project Number: 36296-013
Project Name: Second Urban Primary Health Care Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The participation of women improved project outcomes and gave them more opportunities in business, employment, skill development, marketing, and income generation.

Project Number: 33224-013
Project Name: Agribusiness Development
Report Date:
Lesson
The executing agencies should have had adequate capacity and experience in recruiting consultants to ensure timely availability of necessary consultant inputs. If necessary, advance actions should have been initiated to ensure the fielding of consultants in time.

Project Number: 33224-013
Project Name: Agribusiness Development
Report Date: