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Lesson
Limited capacity of government staff should be considered in designing reform programs. The 34 policy actions for a crisis response operation stretched out the government’s capacity in absorbing a substantial reform agenda. Constraints to capacity were reflected in the delays in complying with the policy actions, in particular with the policy action on financial ratios, which resulted in waiver of this action.

Project Number: 43152-012
Project Name: Economic Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Reform prioritization and sequencing could lead to more durable results. A steady, step-by-step pace of reforms may be more suitable in the Tongan context, given prevailing capacity constraints. The process of implementing reforms takes time, especially for reforms that require specialized skills, such as those in PFM and those that are structural in nature; these types of reforms take time to implement and cannot be completed by a single quick-disbursing stand-alone program.

Project Number: 43152-012
Project Name: Economic Support Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The project demonstrated that vertical programs such as HIV/AIDS can be efficiently integrated into PHC services. While specific technical support and management will remain necessary at the central level to guarantee quality and effectiveness of the program interventions, implementation at the local level would yield better results when integrated into PHC, whenever possible.

Project Number: 39033-022
Project Name: HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control in Rural Development Enclaves
Report Date:
Lesson
Under the project, a template was developed for the MOAs between NDOH, local health authorities, and the economic operators. While the objective of this standardization was to accelerate the signing of MOAs, it had, in fact, an opposite result, i.e., with the MOA not considering the local conditions, constraints and needs at the onset, the MOAs were not always satisfactory, causing delays in signing. Sector level lessons.

Project Number: 39033-022
Project Name: HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control in Rural Development Enclaves
Report Date:
Lesson
Regular supervision with coaching is essential for maintaining and improving the quality of health services delivery. Especially in rural areas, supervision is also required to support often isolated local staff and helps to retain health-workers. Civil works successfully rehabilitated health facilities under the project, but regular supervision of public health facilities by health staff of the economic operators, as agreed in the MOAs, were not sufficiently sustained.

Project Number: 39033-022
Project Name: HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control in Rural Development Enclaves
Report Date:
Lesson
Multiple developmental financial institutions can work effectively together to create new institutions. All of the agencies involved provided equity and/or debt financing in sufficient amounts to meet the capitalization target and on a coordinated basis to allow IIF to formulate and staff its operations with its own independent management. This project appears to be an important benchmark for cooperative ventures both within ADB (sovereign and nonsovereign operations) and among institutions.

Project Number: 42109-013
Project Name: Infrastructure Financing Facility Company Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Changes in government policy during project implementation can influence project outcomes. The project benefited from an improved health insurance mechanism introduced by the Government of Viet Nam.

Project Number: 40019-013
Project Name: Health Care in the South Central Coast Region Project
Report Date:
Lesson
When projects are implemented under decentralization, consultation and capacity building of the provinces and implementing agencies at the decentralized level are essential and need to start during project preparation. The needs identified by the central level may not be felt at the decentralized level, which could result in delays or non-implementation of project activities, reducing the potential benefits of the project.

Project Number: 40019-013
Project Name: Health Care in the South Central Coast Region Project
Report Date:
Lesson
To achieve poverty reduction and equity, the needs of disadvantaged groups must be identified not only by technically qualified experts, but also by the intended beneficiaries. Planning and budgeting for health services must be based on accurate and disaggregated data that are made available on time.

Project Number: 40019-013
Project Name: Health Care in the South Central Coast Region Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The absence of baseline data and excessive number of targets in the original DMF was the result of inexperience with the MFF modality. The management of DMFs throughout the life of a MFF was a lesson to be learned but the lessons did not include the way in which baseline data was applied and targets designed. These topics were not new to project DMFs. It is also suggested that the overestimation of what the program could achieve is also a lesson to be learned and one which might be expected in a pioneer application of the MFF modality.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The $770 million appraisal estimate for 836 km of roads was overambitious given the 10-year time frame and the acknowledged low capacity of the NHA at appraisal. Project 1 design underestimated the security constraints to project preparation and implementation especially in Baluchistan which contained the largest proportion of project roads. Appropriate risks and assumptions were not adequately recognized by ADB until Project 2.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The institutional strengthening component was highly responsive to the operational deficiencies of the NHA. The design of this component was much weakened by NHA’s lack of commitment which caused delays and changes to the terms of reference and missed performance targets. Closer collaboration with the NHA prior to loan approval could have strengthened this component.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Land acquisition problems experienced by NHA. This required working with provincial governments which have legal responsibility for land matters and going through the difficult experiences in harmonizing national laws and ADB’s policy for social safeguards. An independent consultant engaged under the institutional strengthening project in 2007 identified and presented these issues in a written report.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033, 37559-043
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program
Report Date:
Lesson
No additional lessons

Project Number: 40061-013
Project Name: Java-Bali Electricity Distribution Performance Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Additional consideration should have been given to the provision of the following, which addresses problems encountered: engagement of institutional strengthening consulting expertise would have improved project design;

Project Number: 37697-013
Project Name: Urban Development Sector Project
Report Date: