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Lesson
A detailed assessment of water adequacy and the introduction of proper operation and maintenance measures and an adequate level of water charges are critical to successful outcome and long-term sustainability of irrigation projects.\

Project Number: 45354-002
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience in the Pyanj River Basin
Report Date:
Lesson
Financial sustainability of project assets and benefits, in this case, the sanitary and phytosanitary system, should be addressed at the outset or during implementation and not only identified as an issue at appraisal, and establishing appropriate financing mechanisms for operation and maintenance at the outset would help ensure adequate maintenance after project completion.

Project Number: 43120-013
Project Name: Trade Facilitation: Improved Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Handling in Greater Mekong Subregion Trade Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Sound identification and valuation of costs and benefits in the economic analysis can provide more realistic economic internal rates of return (EIRRs) to indicate a more accurate state of project viability. The economic analysis in the RRP and PCR underestimated the value of the project outputs, particularly the economic benefits of the solid waste management component, which led to a low EIRR. Willingness-to-pay $2 per month for solid waste removal seems too low and unreasonable considering the substantial health and environmental benefits that such removal likely provides.

Project Number: 45507-003
Project Name: Yunnan Chuxiong Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Early preparation and set up of funding design and mechanisms to meet the financial requirements of facilities and equipment's operation and maintenance after project completion can mitigate sustainability risks of project investments. In this project, there was no clarity on how maintenance of project infrastructure and equipment were to be funded after project completion. Thus, it reduces the project's sustainability.

Project Number: 48236-001
Project Name: Strengthening Community Resilience to Dzud and Forest and Steppe Fires Project 
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Lesson
State-owned banks are often used for policy lending that target specific sectors offering low interest rates and preferential terms. It is important that during project preparation, financial intermediaries selected are aligned with the market-based approach of FIL projects to avoid crowding out subloans and nonparticipation of selected intermediaries in lending to the target sector.

Project Number: 47046-002
Project Name: Gansu Featured Agriculture and Financial Services System Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Structural and nonstructural interventions require cohesive and integrated approaches, necessitating long-term planning and consultative processes. For example under this project, safeguard readiness including securing design approval from pertinent agencies should have been pursued more effectively. Project readiness for physical works should be adequately considered in drawing up implementation schedules. Accurate and realistic cost estimates based on detailed technical design can reduce the risk of loan cancellations.

Project Number: 44037-014
Project Name: Shaanxi Weinan Luyang Integrated Saline Land Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project costing at design stage should realiably estimate the costs of all civil and other engineering costs and provide allowance for foreign currency fluctuations. The actual cost of one irrigation scheme turned out some $10 million greater than estimated at approval. This resulted in significant revision to the subproject design. The revision also incorporated the appreciation in special drawing rights against the US dollar and the domestic and international inflation that pushed down the real value of project resources.

Project Number: 40190-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Flood and Drought Risk Management and Mitigation Project 
Report Date: