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Lesson
The requirements, key issues, terms of reference, selection criteria including qualification of consultants, implementation structure, and understanding and ownership of the TA by the implementing agencies should have been described carefully according to the requirements of technical assistance. If poor performance was observed, prompt action could have been required to minimize the loss of time and funds. The RDA also should have developed a well-maintained performance recording system.

Project Number: 31280-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Project (1986-SRI[SF])
Report Date:
Lesson
Political economy dimension of reforms should be considered to better assess feasibility of policy measures. The civil service strike highlighted the importance of communicating the full implications of proposed actions. It then becomes important to identify and understand the various groups affected by and opposed to the reforms in order to have better ideas on the need, magnitude, and practical considerations for possible mitigation or compensation measures. As such, there is a need for careful assessment of winners and losers, including addressing the concerns of losers.

Project Number: 33097-013
Project Name: Economic and Public Sector Reform Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Careful prioritizing of reform issues facilitate better sequencing and pacing of reform measures. Reform issues are often interrelated. As such, priority actions and measures should be established. Reform measures may require careful prioritizing, especially as these entail attendant sequencing and pacing considerations. Although ADB chose to focus on fiscal policy measures, public sector, and public sector enterprise reforms were also simultaneously tackled under the program.

Project Number: 33097-013
Project Name: Economic and Public Sector Reform Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementation is equally important. The reform process is ultimately about implementation. Although vital legislations were easily enacted within a short time period, concomitant implementing rules and guidelines, including changes in institutional arrangements entailed additional time for these to be put in place. As such, extra effort must be devoted during program preparation stage in considering the implementing mechanisms and the time needed for these to actually take effect.

Project Number: 33097-013
Project Name: Economic and Public Sector Reform Program
Report Date:
Lesson
A thorough information gap analysis is needed at entry. The project appraisal team expected the project consultants to identify information and analytical gaps, and the specific needs of beneficiary institutions at the inception stage of TA implementation. Such a preparatory study should have been undertaken during the processing and appraisal stages.

Project Number: 32437-013
Project Name: Restructuring of Specialized Financial Institutions
Report Date:
Lesson
The scope of financial and portfolio audit must be agreed at appraisal. Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives’ post-project achievements underscore the importance of financial and portfolio audits as the basis for restructuring and operational planning. The scope of such important yet sensitive undertakings should be discussed in detail with the concerned agencies during appraisal.

Project Number: 32437-013
Project Name: Restructuring of Specialized Financial Institutions
Report Date:
Lesson
Baseline and quantitative performance indicators are required in the technical assistance framework. The lack of baseline and quantitative performance indicators affected the measurement of results and management of the project. It is imperative for a project appraisal team to identify suitable indicators during appraisal.

Project Number: 32437-013
Project Name: Restructuring of Specialized Financial Institutions
Report Date:
Lesson
A mechanism is needed to coordinate activities across project or technical assistance components. The absence of an explicit mechanism to coordinate activities across TA components and parts constrained the project implementation. A complex project with overlapping responsibilities across components, such as the project, needs an effective coordination mechanism.

Project Number: 32437-013
Project Name: Restructuring of Specialized Financial Institutions
Report Date:
Lesson
Terms of reference must be adjusted in case of change in policy direction. The change in policy direction under the renewed political leadership resulted in some adjustments of priorities on the activities and outputs under the project. However, the terms of reference of the concerned TA grant (component 1) were not adjusted accordingly. By formally adjusting the terms of reference, the consulting team may have caught up in a better manner with the clients’ changing needs, and perhaps clarified some of the issues causing the subsequent pretermination.

Project Number: 32437-013
Project Name: Restructuring of Specialized Financial Institutions
Report Date:
Lesson
Better information and knowledge management is needed within ADB. This evaluation was constrained by the limited availability of consultant reports. An effective information and knowledge management system should be in place to ensure that TA outputs are properly stored within ADB, and can be easily retrieved.

Project Number: 32437-013
Project Name: Restructuring of Specialized Financial Institutions
Report Date:
Lesson
A project design based on a sound and thorough assessment of institutional constraints and market conditions would have ensured smoother implementation and improved loan performance. In the context of Samoa—where the financial market is relatively underdeveloped, the collateral framework is weak, and institutions have limited capacity—a more simple and focused project design would have been more appropriate.

Project Number: 33167-013, 33167-022
Project Name: Small Business Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Early identification of the constraints to implementation, and development of clear strategies to address these constraints would have made implementation more effective and efficient. The capacity constraints of implementing agencies were not clearly defined early on in implementation, especially the credit components. No clear strategies were developed to address constraints in the social and cultural environment and in market conditions that affect the policy component. As a result, the project suffered delays and the delivery of outputs and outcomes was significantly affected.

Project Number: 33167-013, 33167-022
Project Name: Small Business Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Support for capacity building should be geared towards promoting the long-term sustainability of institutions. While technical assistance in the form of logistical support, advisory assistance (through consultant inputs), study tours, and training help to improve project capabilities, they do not necessarily address long-term sustainability of institutions.

Project Number: 33167-013, 33167-022
Project Name: Small Business Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Enterprise finance projects need to have a clear exit strategy at completion. The project had no clear strategy on how the Small Business Enterprise Centre (SBEC) should be supported beyond the life of the project. The SBEC was left with a huge loan guarantee portfolio at the end of the project and no long-term means to sustain its operations.

Project Number: 33167-013, 33167-022
Project Name: Small Business Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ISSUES and LESSONS together - to review

Project Number: 28714
Project Name: The Mutual Fund Company of the Philippines
Report Date: