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Lesson
The development of a regulatory framework alongside the preparation of a project’s technical design could help enhance the autonomy and sustainability of water utilities. This, in turn, could lead to improved service delivery and better maintenance of project assets. Such a framework could include mechanisms for independent oversight and regulation of water utilities' operations and performance, as well as the provision of clear guidelines and policies for tariff setting and cost recovery, among other aspects.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A well-designed project performance management system (PPMS) from the outset can enhance the quality of economic analyses. This system facilitates the systematic collection of data on project benefits and pertinent metrics, enabling the monitoring of project performance until completion. Specifically, monitoring the project's progress, identifying areas for improvement, and collecting socioeconomic data through a PPMS, could all help establish a comprehensive assessment of a project’s development results and improve the quality of economic analysis.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The program provided the environment for private sector participation (PSP) in the sector, although this should only be seen as the start and not the conclusion. Further, independent power producers need to be contracted whenever possible, while carefully monitoring contingent liability risks. More PSP could be encouraged in water and wastewater operations,perhaps adopting franchise or concession arrangements, viability gap financing, or availability payments.

Project Number: 54151-001, 54151-003
Project Name: Palau Public Utilities Corporation Reform Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
While the shift to renewable energy generation has occurred, and although 20% is the target, much more is needed if costs are to be lowered further and contributions to greenhouse gas reductions can be achieved. Higher targets are needed for renewable energy in the future.

Project Number: 54151-001, 54151-003
Project Name: Palau Public Utilities Corporation Reform Program (Subprograms 1 and 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
In a project involving several ministries, the choice of the executing agency (or agencies) and the role of each ministry must be carefully assessed and discussed with the government and all concerned ministries.

Project Number: 39305-013
Project Name: Urban Public and Environmental Health Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Project preparation should have included better articulation of the need or logic for integrating a program loan and a project loan in a sector development program (SDP). Policy dialogue, which is essential to clearly establish an understanding among the executing agencies that policy reforms and project loan financed investments are interlinked, should have been undertaken; however, this was missing in this SDP. Two separate loans delivered in sequence may have been preferable and more manageable.

Project Number: 39305-013
Project Name: Urban Public and Environmental Health Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
When functions and responsibilities are decentralized, policy dialogue with the concerned local authorities during project processing is just as important as dialogue at the central level.Although ULBs in Bangladesh depend on LGD, they enjoy some autonomy. The ULBs rapidly realized the benefit of better governance and financial management and these components were timely implemented. However, it took longer for the ULBs to appreciate the benefits of investments in sanitation and food safety funded by the project loan.

Project Number: 39305-013
Project Name: Urban Public and Environmental Health Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Considering the attainment of as many benefits as possible in the project design could facilitate a real, inclusive impact on the beneficiaries.

Project Number: 39071-013
Project Name: Metropolitan Sanitation Management and Health Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Timely recruitment of consultants is a fundamental requisite in effective project development and supervision. Improving project design and supervision through constant monitoring and periodic review can lead to better development results.

Project Number: 39071-013
Project Name: Metropolitan Sanitation Management and Health Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate due diligence at appraisal is important to prepare a realistic project schedule considering the institutional setup, internal review and approval procedures, existing capacity, and prior experience of the government and executing agency in implementing ADB and other development partners’ projects. Formulating appropriate project design, identifying major risks, implementing adequate mitigation measures, and providing early implementation support are crucial in minimizing startup delays and facilitating timely implementation progress of projects.

Project Number: 44019-013
Project Name: Hubei Huangshi Urban Pollution Control and Environmental Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A design and monitoring framework, underpinned by a well though-out and robust theory of change, can help better articulate the output and outcome statements and formulate appropriate performance indicators for measuring results.

Project Number: 43405-024
Project Name: Urban Services Improvement Investment Program - Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Small projects in the water supply and sanitation sector have high capital costs relative to larger projects where economies of scale are a factor and affect tariff levels and affordability in smaller communities. Government budgetary support is necessary to ensure operation and maintenance and long-term benefits when economies of scale are absent. Budgetary support also maintains affordable tariffs for the most disadvantaged.

Project Number: 36188-023
Project Name: Secondary Towns Integrated Urban Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A well-designed project performance management system greatly facilitates the identification, quantification, and valuation of economic benefits, and help in evaluating the extent of the project’s effectiveness.

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Thorough project costing, including for the subproject components, is essential to smooth project implementation and success. Careful and precise estimation of costs and setting aside resources to cover future price escalations is required.

Project Number: 43405-024
Project Name: Urban Services Improvement Investment Program - Tranche 2
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB’s ability to effectively monitor safeguard and technical due diligence issues arise when the loans are financially closed before works are completed.

Project Number: 38254-053
Project Name: North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (Tranche 3)
Report Date: