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Lesson
With strong justification and available financing in place, government-proposed adjustments to output components during implementation can help ensure a project's continued alignment with evolving government strategies. This can also deliver more outputs that contribute directly to achieving the project's outcome and generate greater social and economic benefits. In this case, following the government's new policy on poverty reduction, the provincial and county governments proposed to resurface all the 1,200 km roads connecting lower-level village roads.

Project Number: 46040-003
Project Name: Yunnan Pu'er Regional Integrated Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
When implementing land acquisition and resettlement activities, affected households, particularly ethnic minorities, must be adequately engaged in a culturally appropriate way, and their needs and willingness should be appropriately factored in during resettlement site selection and new house design. Meanwhile, an income restoration program should be properly designed and timed for implementation before the displacement of affected households. Diversification of livelihood options and income sources can help them better cope with displacement.

Project Number: 46040-003
Project Name: Yunnan Pu'er Regional Integrated Road Network Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
An alternatives analysis during the appraisal phase could help inform on identifying project alternatives in terms of feasibility of various technical options, and the scale as well as timing of investments. In the case of this program, there were competing views on Ulaanbaatar’s transport sector development. Such an analysis could help enhance buy-in among key stakeholders on the most appropriate alternative to pursue.

Project Number: 39256-023, 39256-024
Project Name: Urban Transport Development Investment Program (Multitranche Financing Facility andTranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
An institutional analysis undertaken during appraisal phase helps provide an assessment of the technical capacity of concerned institutions as this is essential in ensuring smooth project implementation activities. Such analysis could include a political-economy assessment that could help strengthen project preparation activities, especially in assessing possible changes to policies and government priorities.

Project Number: 39256-023, 39256-024
Project Name: Urban Transport Development Investment Program (Multitranche Financing Facility andTranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Clear identification and selection of appropriate performance target indicators during the project design stage supports the achievement of a project’s intended outcome. Adequate technical assessment on outcome and output target indicators facilitates clear tracking and measure of project’s achievement at completion. Furthermore, the importance of target indicators and its consistency between outcome and output statements are essential to demonstrate the project results.

Project Number: 44240-014
Project Name: Thimphu Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The provision of technical assistance to support the project preparatory stage and capacity of the executing and implementing agencies enhances the quality of project administration. For example, building the capacity skill set of agencies on financial and procurement management prior to the onset of a project would benefit the timely execution of procurement activities and civil works. This helps in reducing any potential risk that could arise because of delayed start-up and/or implementation.

Project Number: 44240-014
Project Name: Thimphu Road Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Financing a series of smaller projects within a broader financing structure can provide efficient infrastructure improvement support on a larger scale. Although the project completion report indicated that these types of projects should contain fewer districts to reduce the implementation burden, the report confirmed the efficacy of the project. Therefore, to provide large-scale infrastructure, it may be preferable to finance a series of smaller projects within a broader financing structure, such as a multitranche financing facility.

Project Number: 45084-002
Project Name: Coastal Climate-Resilient Infrastructure Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A project performance management system provides a framework to assess the project results better. It incentivizes a sound evaluation of a project as well strengthening the basis of development impact. This is essential for a rural development project where project’s intended benefits and development impacts are not easily identified or quantified.

Project Number: 45084-002
Project Name: Coastal Climate-Resilient Infrastructure Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Regular and consistent monitoring during the preparation of initial environmental examination documents, environmental impact assessments, environmental management plans, remedial action plan, and gender action plan is critical, and should include an audit report during submission to ensure not only compliance with guidelines but also adequacy of consultations with minutes of proceedings. This avoids any critical issues from surfacing that would affect project design and implementation timeline.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
The development of a firm sector investment plan supports successful project implementation. The sector plan, covering the short-, medium- and long-term horizons, helps avoid overlaps of projects that may result in scope changes which could adversely affect the project implementation timeline, funding and cost, and loan utilization. Such an investment plan commits the government to a definite set of projects in the sector that allows for a stable implementation of social and environmental safeguards.

Project Number: 42414-043
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Sufficient and careful risk assessment during the project’s appraisal phase is critical to mitigating any implementation risk since any potential change could hamper the project’s envisaged outcome.

Project Number: 42414-023
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Clearly defined project implementation plans for multitranche financing facility (MFF) tranches along with a well-formulated design and monitoring framework (DMF) enhance the quality of the project’s implementation plans and support the achievement of the intended results. Specifically, developing clear and logical performance indicators, baseline targets, and timelines can benefit the project’s performance and accountability which facilitates better assessment of the project’s achievements.

Project Number: 42414-023
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program - Tranche 1
Report Date:
Lesson
Effective and efficient implementation of large-scale land acquisition and resettlement activities depends largely on strong political will and commitment at all levels of the government. An executing agency needs to be proactive and initiate close working relationships with local authorities to resolve identified issues on the ground. Local communities, particularly affected households, must be engaged and their concerns should be adequately factored in by project design.

Project Number: 41444-013
Project Name: Second Northern Greater Mekong Subregion Transport Network Improvement
Report Date:
Lesson
The governments' internal review and approval processes and executing agencies' limited prior experience in ADB-financed projects and unfamiliarity with ADB procurement procedures were major contributing factors to the substantial startup and implementation delays experienced by this project.

Project Number: 41444-013
Project Name: Second Northern Greater Mekong Subregion Transport Network Improvement
Report Date:
Lesson
A more comprehensive analysis of the road network is crucial to better understand the need for road improvements in given road corridors e.g., surface upgrades, widening, and new roads. While for consistency the project completion report replicated the methodology used during project appraisal, it is observed that traffic forecasts were based solely on economic growth projection of the gross domestic product, and the elasticity of traffic by vehicle type is not justified.

Project Number: 43574-025
Project Name: Uttar Pradesh Major District Roads Improvement Project
Report Date: