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Lesson
Programs such as this should take a holistic approach to measuring and abating air pollution. Although substantial progress has been made, longer-term policy measures to address the ongoing air quality issue in Mongolia are still needed The increased concentrations of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide show shortcomings in the program’s overall achievements, along with the concentrations of small particulate matter which remain above World Health Organization’s guidelines, necessitating more policy actions.

Project Number: 53028-001
Project Name: Ulaanbaatar Air Quality Improvement
Program and Ulaanbaatar Air Quality Improvement
Program – Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Publication of air quality should be institutionalized to provide a feedback loop to policy makers and to empower the public to assess overall progress. ADB’s participation in the longer-term framework for air pollution abatement will reinforce the feedback and will be an instrument to provide additional assistance that will ensure the continued air pollution reduction in Ulaanbaatar and other urban areas in Mongolia.

Project Number: 53028-001
Project Name: Ulaanbaatar Air Quality Improvement
Program and Ulaanbaatar Air Quality Improvement
Program – Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
The government’s commitment and ownership strengthen the project’s credibility. Providing timely response and adequate support from start-up to completion are critical in overcoming the implementation difficulties in various occasions. For instance, the PMO’s leadership could have helped ensurethat assistance was provided on time to implementing agencies. This, in turn, would help in easing delays in the procurement activities and implementation of subprojects.

Project Number: 42383-023
Project Name: Shanxi Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A project’s medium-term review (MTR provides an opportunity to reassess and modify a project’s DMF, in terms of realistic performance targets, configuration of components and/or outputs, subprojects’ selection, and timeframe of implementation. Project team could strive to review all project’s aspects during an MTR in addition to focusing on project administration and changes in scope.

Project Number: 42383-023
Project Name: Shanxi Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Giving equal importance to the institutional and capacity support and infrastructure investments under a sector loan strengthens commitment, ownership, and accountability of the executing agency. The implementation of infrastructure component of the project, coupled with timely technical support and capacity building, is pivotal to ensuring project readiness and implementation progress in a highly challenging context.

Project Number: 39298-013
Project Name: City Region Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A holistic and in-depth assessment of project context and adequate stakeholder consultations are important to ensure project readiness in identification of candidate subprojects and to avoid unnecessary changes leading to delays. For example, change of the location for the solid waste management subproject due to unavailability of land in the originally proposed location.

Project Number: 39298-013
Project Name: City Region Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
For sector loan projects where several past related interventions and investments were provided, building on progress achieved from them and duly taking account of relevant recommendations can optimize project design and fasttrack project implementation towards efficient fund utilization and satisfactory delivery of project outputs. In the case of this project, its design capitalized on the capacity of the implementing agencies strengthened through previous ADB projects and the flexibility of a sector loan to incentivize them to perform and compete for securing the investment funds.

Project Number: 39298-013
Project Name: City Region Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Robust technical due diligence and thorough feasibility studies will help minimize the need for scope changes, reallocations, and loan extensions.

Project Number: 39298-013
Project Name: City Region Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Municipal–level capacity development and performance monitoring are essential to making the city region work in improving municipal governance and infrastructure.

Project Number: 39298-013
Project Name: City Region Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
An integrated solid waste management (SWM) facility can have a transformative effect on community-level SWM.

Project Number: 39298-013
Project Name: City Region Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Simpler and more tightly knit implementation arrangements will make project execution and coordination easier to undertake.

Project Number: 39298-013
Project Name: City Region Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Changes in scope present opportunities for enhancing the project design and monitoring frameworks (DMFs) and making them more effective in improving project performance.

Project Number: 39298-013
Project Name: City Region Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The introduction of a lease contract for water service delivery was innovative in the Armenia and former Soviet Union state context, which provides a model for other countries to consider.

Project Number: 46220-006
Project Name: Infrastructure Sustainability Support Program (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
There is a need to determine if public financial reforms should be undertaken within the context of sector investments or separately.

Project Number: 46220-006
Project Name: Infrastructure Sustainability Support Program (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The project’s programmatic approach, which allowed flexible identification, selection, design, and modification of subprojects in the early years under the sector loan modality, was an effective approach that should be replicated in other cities of the PRC.

Project Number: 40641-013
Project Name: Hebei Small Cities and Towns Development Demonstration Sector Project
Report Date: