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Lesson
The government frequently fails to meet their timely commitment of project funding assumed at appraisal. However, it is difficult to attach conditionality of ADB funding to the timely contribution of government funding. Therefore, the government’s counterpart shares have been reduced for PNG projects.

Project Number: 42135-013
Project Name: Pilot Border Trade and Investment Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A key issue was the abolition of BDA at a crucial stage of project benefit creation and realization. Although the project had completed implementation of the civil works and the consultancy services contracts, the creation and realization of project benefits has not been achieved due to the failure of the borrower to utilize the project outputs. The longer the border administration complex buildings remain unoccupied, the more difficult it will be to re-energize the commercial sector in WSP and generate the anticipated project benefits.

Project Number: 42135-013
Project Name: Pilot Border Trade and Investment Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Many PNG projects have poor compliance with DMF monitoring due to (i) lack of undertaking baseline studies, (ii) limited measurements of DMF target progress during implementation, and (iii) a lack of BDA who draft and complete a project PCR prior to loan closing. ADB review missions need to monitor these compliance issues more closely and require submission of an updated DMF table prior to each review mission.

Project Number: 42135-013
Project Name: Pilot Border Trade and Investment Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Border housing compliance with WSP building and electrical installation standards as well as the apparent substandard quality of this housing highlights the importance of the quality of the construction supervision consultants and BDA’s ability to monitor and manage contracts.

Project Number: 42135-013
Project Name: Pilot Border Trade and Investment Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
As the project aimed to achieve development impacts in WSP, BDA and PMO should have had a greater presence in WSP, and a greater involvement with the WSPA as the project was delivered. The location of BDA headquarters in Port Moresby may have limited the rate of development of WSP into a dynamic growth center for PNG.

Project Number: 42135-013
Project Name: Pilot Border Trade and Investment Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Accessing additional professional and technical resources was helpful in contributing to the success of the TA. In particular, the involvement of technical experts from the WCO enhanced the provision of technical support and enabled the TA to develop methodologies (TRS, JCC). In addition, the use of Japanese resource persons enabled the TA to draw on country practices in customs modernization and visibility improvement. These lessons could be relevant to other JFPR-funded TA projects as well.

Project Number: 47082-001
Project Name: Coordinated Border Management for Results in Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation
Report Date:
Lesson
The development of knowledge products is insufficient to build capacity and support uptake of findings by partners. Using appropriate dissemination pathways is important in engaging relevant stakeholders and decision makers to adopt the key messages. The main dissemination pathways for the JCC case study and the three CBM reports seem to be through presentations to relevant authorities and targeted training activities to strengthen awareness, institutional capacity, standards, and policies.

Project Number: 47082-001
Project Name: Coordinated Border Management for Results in Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation
Report Date:
Lesson
Early understanding of JFPR guidelines and classification of eligible and non-eligible expenditures can help allocate these funds to critical TA activities and reduce cost overestimates.

Project Number: 47082-001
Project Name: Coordinated Border Management for Results in Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation
Report Date:
Lesson
Lessons and experiences from the regional TA proved useful in the up_x005F_x0002_scaling to loan projects for the RIBS projects in Mongolia, Kyrgyz Republic, Pakistan, and Tajikistan. Potential RIBS projects are in the country operations business plans for Uzbekistan and other countries in the region.

Project Number: 47082-001
Project Name: Coordinated Border Management for Results in Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation
Report Date:
Lesson
TA projects should specify what change is expected from the ‘active participation’ of stakeholders in the activities. The TCR could have commented on the extent to which this ‘active participation’ helped improve the quality of results and buy-in or how the TA managed to secure engagement of relevant stakeholders.

Project Number: 47082-001
Project Name: Coordinated Border Management for Results in Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation
Report Date:
Lesson
Horizontal linkages across similar projects (in this case the two other regional TAs) should be strengthened to ensure exchange of information and lessons.

Project Number: 47082-001
Project Name: Coordinated Border Management for Results in Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation
Report Date:
Lesson
The text could instead have reflected on the approach to working with regional countries to scale up JCCs, particularly on how contextual factors (such as the key risks and assumptions outlined in the DMF) helped the team to design, sequence and prioritize their work program to achieve results

Project Number: 47082-001
Project Name: Coordinated Border Management for Results in Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation
Report Date:
Lesson
Management supervision and coordination of regional work is essential, particularly when there are multiple stakeholders at national and regional levels, and issues are complex.

Project Number: 47082-001
Project Name: Coordinated Border Management for Results in Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation
Report Date:
Lesson
This could still be improved by providing actual experiences involving operational departments that contributed to the improvement of the TA’s implementation.

Project Number: 50315-001
Project Name: Facilitating Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Foreign Direct Investment Flows: An ASEAN+6 Case Study
Report Date:
Lesson
This is a repetition of the previous lesson. It could have been improved by highlighting the importance of stakeholders’ role in regional trade integration, supported by actual experiences.

Project Number: 50315-001
Project Name: Facilitating Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Foreign Direct Investment Flows: An ASEAN+6 Case Study
Report Date: