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Lesson
A stand-alone policy-based grant would have been preferable for this project rather than a programmatic approach.

Project Number: 47322-001, 47322-002
Project Name: Strengthening Economic Management Reform Program: Subprograms 1 and 2 Completion Report
Report Date:
Lesson
The success of the program indicates that working with state governments in India is an appropriate level for PBLs, which may not be achieved at the national-level when instituting similar reforms. Success at the state-level offers an opportunity for scaling-up or replicating the experience in other states with similar issues.

Project Number: 49209-001
Project Name: Second West Bengal Development Finance Program
Report Date:
Lesson
3. Achieving durable reforms in public finances require a sustained commitment over time, which involves a combination of policy and legislative reforms, institutional change and strengthening, and the introduction of new technologies. The decade-long partnership between the West Bengal state government and ADB indicates a time frame and a level of commitment required to achieve results.

Project Number: 49209-001
Project Name: Second West Bengal Development Finance Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The West Bengal state government’s experience in formulating and implementing MTEFs supports the view that these frameworks are valuable tools in helping governments translate development priorities into planned multiyear budget expenditures. Over time, MTEFs can contribute to the improvement of budget transparency, predictability, and expenditure efficiency.

Project Number: 49209-001
Project Name: Second West Bengal Development Finance Program
Report Date:
Lesson
On the PBL design, the DMF should have identified the results of each policy action rather than adopting them as the output indicators. More rigor should be taken in selecting the outcome indicators. The indicators used for school attendance and dropout rates were neither appropriate to measure the result of the program nor its policy actions and suggest a weak design. Since the state is highly committed to pursuing the reforms, it could be argued that these reforms would have been carried out anyway by the government despite the program.

Project Number: 49209-001
Project Name: Second West Bengal Development Finance Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The two different project components should have been implemented separately and provided with greater preparation and support for institutional capacity building. The second component—information service centers (output 3b)—could have received far more institutional buy-in from the ministry than it had received. This could have helped ensure that appropriate actions to address issues are made in a timely manner and reduce the project implementation delays resulting from weak procurement management.

Project Number: 39452-013
Project Name: Strengthening Governance Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Clarity in project design particularly in identifying outcomes and outputs correctly with appropriate targets and indicators are essential in monitoring project achievements and determining how success will be assessed. A well-conceived results framework can effectively assess how economic resources and inputs (e.g., expertise, funds, etc.) are converted to results, for example. This could help facilitate a project’s focus on interventions and specific expected outcomes. Moreover, a program–logic diagram can help in this approach.

Project Number: 39452-013
Project Name: Strengthening Governance Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Gender and social inclusion elements could have been better integrated in the program. The focus of the program was on the poor and vulnerable population and the social welfare assistance provided to them. The assessment of gender impacts of the policy reforms could have been undertaken, taking into account the gender and inclusion issues in the reform and consolidation of social welfare programs.

Project Number: 50302-001
Project Name: Social Welfare Support Program Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
In-depth review of each social welfare program effectiveness is needed for consolidation and possible termination. The review could assess whether the targeting mechanisms adopted have ensured that the benefits go to the poor and vulnerable population or misused. Social welfare spillovers could result in suboptimal outcomes. Otherwise, a more sophisticated targeting approach could be undertaken.

Project Number: 50302-001
Project Name: Social Welfare Support Program Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Outcome could have been extended for a longer period than just one year, with stronger monitoring and evaluation (M&E) required. The program outcome was to maintain social welfare expenditure at least at MNT339 billion in 2017. A 1-year time horizon was too short. Even though social welfare expenditures increased in the following years, a 5-year time horizon may have been more appropriate to encourage sustainability. Furthermore, a stronger M&E system is required for social welfare programs since output 2 focused on improving their targeting.

Project Number: 50302-001
Project Name: Social Welfare Support Program Phase 2
Report Date:
Lesson
Timing is essential in the successful implementation of reforms.

Project Number: 52074-001
Project Name: Improved Fiscal Sustainability Reform Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Continued monitoring of the non-tranche policy actions of reform programs is critical to ensuring that these actions are completed on time.

Project Number: 52074-001
Project Name: Improved Fiscal Sustainability Reform Program
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important to use existing mechanisms, where possible, to enable the delivery of rapid support to affected communities during a disaster emergency response.

Project Number: 50181-001
Project Name: Fiji: Emergency Assistance for Recovery from Tropical Cyclone Winston
Report Date:
Lesson
A well-developed national structure for disaster risk management is beneficial for the success of post-disaster emergency response.

Project Number: 50181-001
Project Name: Fiji: Emergency Assistance for Recovery from Tropical Cyclone Winston
Report Date:
Lesson
A road map approach, which integrates intensive support for all the three triage groupings (liquidated, privatized, and retained and improved), agreed or urged in the 2013 IMF Extended Fund Facility and reiterated in 2019, and provides a much more targeted and politically sensitive communication strategy can help Pakistan gain headway in reforming its PSEs.

Project Number: 48065-003
Project Name: Public Sector Enterprises Reform Program (Subprogram 2)
Report Date: