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Lesson
Urban development projects typically involve a variety of risks in the course of its implementation and execution of activities. Formulating appropriate project design and risk assessment during preparatory phase is critical to minimize start-up and implementation delays. This includes a systematic appraisal of the project’s technical scope and engineering design, project cost and contingencies, environmental and social safeguards, and financial and contractual risks.

Project Number: 43023-013
Project Name: Guangxi Beibu Gulf Cities Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A timely and appropriate change in scope and reallocation of grant (or loan) proceeds responding to actual project needs emerging from implementation can help utilize available grant (or loan) resources in a more targeted and efficient manner, facilitate the conduct of more activities, potentially deliver more outputs, and maintain the project's relevance and effectiveness.

Project Number: 44130-022
Project Name: District Capitals Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In terms of project design, in-depth analysis of various loan modality options and risks assessment, taking in consideration the ountry’s huge capacity and institutional gaps, can help design an appropriate loan modality. For example, a sector lending, which can also run for a decade and sustain capacity support to the sector, requires a sector analysis that covers a thorough analysis of the factors that affect the performance of the sector, including policy, institutional or regulatory frameworks, as well as the sustainability of the investment.

Project Number: 40173-044
Project Name: Highlands Region Road Improvement Investment Program - MFF and Project 3
Report Date:
Lesson
In selecting subprojects and project timelines, it is important, right at the design stage, to consider the Implementation complexity, experience of the executing agency, availability of specialized contractors, and available working season. Delays in the execution of subprojects under this tranche occurred due to adverse weather conditions at construction sites and the difficult work terrain.

Project Number: 40648-034
Project Name: Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
The selection of subprojects and project timeliness need to consider the Implementation complexity (such as topography, adverse weather conditions at the construction site, and the need for specialized experts), experience of the executing agency, availability of specialist contractors, and available working seasons.

Project Number: 40648-013, 40648-037
Project Name: Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism (Tranche 4 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
A holistic approach to developing tourism attractions, with the necessary infrastructure, can be encouraged to ensure that expected outcomes and impacts are achieved.

Project Number: 40648-013, 40648-037
Project Name: Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism (Tranche 4 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
Report Date:
Lesson
The success of ADB's comprehensive approach to urban transformation covering infrastructure, human resources, and environmentalCapacity development was highly appreciated by the counterpart municipal government, providing the basis for replication in other similar contexts.

Project Number: 46062-002
Project Name: Gansu Baiyin Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate and timely consulting support is needed for the design and Implementation of a technical and vocational education and training (TVET) that will aupport secondary and adult skills education and employment services to ensure inclusive industrial transformation. This is especially when the government or the implementing agency lacks experience and capacity.

Project Number: 46062-002
Project Name: Gansu Baiyin Integrated Urban Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Complex projects are better designed and implemented if there is a clear government sector plan that is fully supported both at the national and provincial levels. This was demonstrated by the country's railway development plan and its financial allocations. The national government successfully reached out to a private bank for cofinancing, and the provincial governments had a strong buy-in through their smooth and timely implementation of the land acquisition and resettlement plan.

Project Number: 37487-013
Project Name: Zhengzhou–Xi'an Railway Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Opportunities for knowledge exchange and sharing among resident mission staff need to be included in the design of regional projects. Regional cooperation and integration elements were not included in this project. As a result, resident mission staff missed the opportunity to share knowledge and exchange experiences that would have enhanced their capacities.

Project Number: 41444-013
Project Name: Second Northern Greater Mekong Subregion Transport Network Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Processing teams need to ensure that the scope and cost estimate of projects are realistic and reflect the actual contexts. Changes in the procurement plan and safeguards document necessitated by the revisions in project scope and costs caused startup delays. The Viet Nam component had a large amount of undisbursed budget because of overestimations in the cost of civil works and land acquisition and resettlement. Advance actions to engage critical consultants early enough should have helped mitigate the delays.

Project Number: 41444-013
Project Name: Second Northern Greater Mekong Subregion Transport Network Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Complex projects, with an intention to have innovative features, including private sector participation, are better designed and implemented if there is a clear government sector plan that is fully supported both at the national and provincial levels. The lack of a clear sector plan in this case resulted in changes in government priorities and decision (i.e., from multimodal to rail-to-rail transshipment, from private operator to state-owned entity).

Project Number: 41192-013
Project Name: Regional Logistics Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Inclusive public consultations and close relationships among stakeholders are crucial to determine the most appropriate design and ensure the smooth implementation especially of project components introduced for the first in the country or project sites. The project design underwent various scope changes, some of which were in response to requests from the Kulhudhuffushi City Council (KCC). The scope changes and additional works delayed project implementation.

Project Number: 36111-013
Project Name: Kulhudhuffushi Harbor Expansion Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A holistic approach, which can lead to overambitious scope and targets, needs to be carefully weighed during the project design stage. This program and its numerous outputs adopted a holistic approach, which might now seem overly ambitious, particularly for the first urban transport undertaking in Ulaanbaatar. A phased approach could have been considered to focus resources on clearly identified priorities and to develop capacity.

Project Number: 39256-024
Project Name: Urban Transport Development Investment Program Imultitranche Financing Facility and Tranche 1)
Report Date:
Lesson
Complex and large-scale investment programs demand more rigorous front-end analyses to identify appropriate implementation arrangements and timelines. Drawn-out government approval processes, lack of qualified and experienced consultants, and inadequate high-level support and guidance obstructed the implementation of this investment program. Being a complex and the first-generation bus rapid transit investment in Mongolia, the program required a longer implementation period.

Project Number: 39256-024
Project Name: Urban Transport Development Investment Program Imultitranche Financing Facility and Tranche 1)
Report Date: