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Lesson
The engagement of experienced personnel with the ability to decide on crucial matters is indispensable to the successful implementation of projects. While there are limited financial and human resources in Tonga, the government tries its best to achieve and sustain project outputs through its recurrent budget. Implementation of key project outputs such as the CCTF and SMAs was eventually achieved.

Project Number: 46351-002
Project Name: Climate Resilience Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate due diligence at appraisal is important to prepare a realistic project schedule considering the institutional setup, internal review and approval procedures, existing capacity, and prior experience of the government and executing agency in implementing ADB and other development partners’ projects. Formulating appropriate project design, identifying major risks, implementing adequate mitigation measures, and providing early implementation support are crucial in minimizing startup delays and facilitating timely implementation progress of projects.

Project Number: 44019-013
Project Name: Hubei Huangshi Urban Pollution Control and Environmental Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In addition to the technical and engineering staff, project management units should include staff with skills in financial management, economics, safeguards, procurement and contracts management, and communication. The project initially encountered difficulties due to the inadequate capacity of the project staff in social and environmental safeguards, contract management, and finance management procedures. An assessment of staff capacity in these areas will identify areas for improvement in future similar projects.

Project Number: 44429-013
Project Name: Climate Adaptation in Vennar Subbasin in Cauvery Delta Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Executing agency capacity to undertake large and complex irrigation projects can easily be overestimated, and relatively minor issues can delay both startup and/or effectiveness and implementation. In this case, overall implementation was made considerably more complex by the major civil works redesign which impacted procurement and safeguards requirements. Delays in recruiting consultants and getting the Ministry of Economy and Finance to agree to including price revisions in consultants' contract delayed loan effectiveness, in turn startup and implementation.

Project Number: 40190-013
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Flood and Drought Risk Management and Mitigation Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
Establishing a skilled and effective lake basin authority was a long and arduous process. Converting the Chao Lake Management Authority (CLMA) from a sound concept to a skilled, effective lake basin planning and management organization evolved over time, and actions taken under the project helped the CLMA to establish its authority from scratch.

Project Number: 44036-013
Project Name: Anhui Chao Lake Environmental Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
High-level participation among stakeholders in the design, implementation, and establishment of community mechanisms contribute substantially to project success. Buy-in of stakeholders and active participation in the processes from design to implementation are critical, specifically when the project involves new approaches and pilot programs

Project Number: 48216-001
Project Name: Integrated Livelihoods Improvement and Sustainable Tourism in Khuvsgul Lake National Park Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project partnership agreements with government on human resources and funding are critical to effective implementation and sustainability. While initially the project national project implementation unit had issues on staffing, procurement, and implementation, these were resolved with incremental additional staffing, recruitment of a small core team of individual consultants, and restructuring to a subproject management unit. The non-recruitment of a social development specialist; to be funded by the government, affected the Gender action plan monitoring and planned survey update.

Project Number: 44130-022
Project Name: District Capitals Water Supply Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The TCR lesson is not phrased as a lesson. In finalizing this validation report, the NRM rephrased the lesson and provided additional information: Adequate consideration of Nepal’s political landscape in delivering or scaling up effective agricultural services and approaches in the future is critical. Nepal’s shift to federalism has devolved much of the agriculture sector work to subnational governments. The newly established provincial and local governments require extensive capacity building to deliver agriculture research and extension services.

Project Number: 48218-007
Project Name: Support for Value Chain Development under the Nepal Agriculture Development Strategy
Report Date:
Lesson
Careful documentation and dissemination of findings, manuals, and knowledge products are important steps in promoting future scaling up of TA project activities.

Project Number: 46257-001
Project Name: Strengthening Integrated Water Resources Management in Mountainous River Basins
Report Date:
Lesson
Further feedback provided by the EAER, beyond the information provided in the TCR, demonstrated that these lessons were shared at the knowledge-sharing events that were a part of this TA. More information on this could have been included in the TCR to strengthen the lesson. A lesson could be derived from this—Further efforts could be done to incorporate lessons from previous TAs into the knowledge sharing-events of TAs, in this case, through internal PRC government efforts.

Project Number: 48469-001
Project Name: Developing Gross Ecosystem Product Accounting for Eco-Compensation
Report Date:
Lesson
Database and information systems should be designed with sufficient flexibility to be easily expandable to other river basins. Awareness raising and training can also help increase the chance for replication.

Project Number: 46257-001
Project Name: Strengthening Integrated Water Resources Management in Mountainous River Basins
Report Date:
Lesson
The findings from the TA studies (which covered seven counties) and its particular knowledge/capacity building approaches could be replicable in the other counties in the NHAR (total of 22 counties).

Project Number: 50006-001
Project Name: Poverty Reduction in Liupanshan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
Report Date:
Lesson
This lesson could be strengthened by including additional information on the scaling up and replication opportunities derived from this TA. For example, a detailed cost-benefit analysis and articulation of target recipients or beneficiaries for these investments would strengthen the justification for additional scaling up of activities.

Project Number: 39542-022
Project Name: Implementing the Greater Mekong Subregion Core Agriculture Support Program (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Nepal's shift to federalism has devolved much of the agriculture sector work to subnational governments. The newly established provincial and local governments require extensive capacity building to deliver agriculture research and extension services. The planned ADB investment project for 2021 delivery will incorporate investments in research and development and a pluralistic extension system, focusing on hill horticulture development.

Project Number: 48218-007
Project Name: Support for Value Chain Development under the Nepal Agriculture Development Strategy
Report Date:
Lesson
It would be useful if the TCR had outlined the opportunities for scaling up that could be included as part of the TA project follow-up actions and/or could be considered by similar TA projects. A possibility would be improving the database to include both baseline and target, and an alert mechanism to provide information if achievement of targets appears to be lagging against planned delivery. In this way, catch-up plans may be undertaken by relevant offices.

Project Number: 49299-001
Project Name: Strengthening Capacity for Environmental-Economic Accounting
Report Date: