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Lesson
Accurate cost estimates, including for contingencies, and effective utilization of loan savings are critical to the attainment of intended project results and timely financial closing. The actual contract price was lower than the amount estimated because of the inaccuracy of the engineering cost estimate and contingency estimates. Cost savings, however, were effectively utilized through minor changes in the project, further enhancing the achievement of project outcomes and outputs. Eligible expenses should be clarified early on, so as not to delay the project financial closing.

Project Number: 47047-002
Project Name: Shandong Groundwater Protection Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Results-based lending (RBL) is well suited if it is embedded in a wider government-owned and led program. It can be an effective modality for achieving both physical outputs and nonphysical goals. It can also make changes in national policies that go beyond the project’s physical scope. The climate risk assessments, procurement processes, and beneficiary selection criteria used in this program were also applied in non-ADB financed provinces. The instructions issued and policies adopted by the government were “national”in nature and impact.

Project Number: 50022-002
Project Name: Affordable Rural Housing Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The borrower is not obligated to request disbursement of the full amount related to the fulfillment of any disbursement-linked indicator (DLI). Accordingly, ADB disbursement projections can be overly optimistic. This point should be considered in future revisions of RBL policies.

Project Number: 50022-002
Project Name: Affordable Rural Housing Program
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB’s participation in a country-driven program, by bringing knowledge and experience in addition to financing, catalyzes interest and cofinancing from other development agencies. This program was a critical element for enhancing the entire ecosystem of housing financing and mortgage market, helping lay thegroundwork for diversified funding and private sector involvement.

Project Number: 50022-002
Project Name: Affordable Rural Housing Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Promotion of social equity criteria and gender quotas is instrumental in the economic empowerment of vulnerable groups and women.

Project Number: 50022-002
Project Name: Affordable Rural Housing Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The programmatic approach taken in the TA—including upstream policy reforms, midstream transaction advisory support, and downstream funding support—along with the One ADB collaboration model for energy transition, has been well-recognized and is being replicated in other developing member countries. This type of TA is instrumental in supporting the government during times of significant changes. The analytical studies in support of policy dialogues and reform measures have been critical in firming up ADB’s leading role in the sector and in leveraging reforms through investments.

Project Number: 52322-002
Project Name: Preparing Sustainable Energy Investment Projects
Report Date:
Lesson
Coherent support by all multilateral development banks, especially when being a first mover in a particular sector, is invaluable. The series of Power Sector Reform Roundtable co-organized by ADB, EBRD, and the World Bank starting in July 2019 provided a platform for this coordinated approach and later provided cofinancing opportunities for the organizers and other development partners.

Project Number: 52322-002
Project Name: Preparing Sustainable Energy Investment Projects
Report Date:
Lesson
A donor coordination platform is helpful in harmonizing reform initiatives and identifying cofinancing opportunities while tracking progress. The government’s donor coordination platform between ADB, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and the World Bank played a critical role in harmonizing and developing directions, and in sharing different international experiences.

Project Number: 52322-002
Project Name: Preparing Sustainable Energy Investment Projects
Report Date:
Lesson
Securing strong government commitment and robust support from all stakeholders, including key development partners, is crucial to successful sector reforms and TA implementation. Regular monitoring systems need to be established to report progress to higher authorities, while involving multiple ministries to monitor and balance the reforms.

Project Number: 52322-002
Project Name: Preparing Sustainable Energy Investment Projects
Report Date:
Lesson
Technical support and knowledge-sharing opportunities, including those during the TA preparatory phase, strengthen stakeholder cooperation during TA implementation.

Project Number: 52322-002
Project Name: Preparing Sustainable Energy Investment Projects
Report Date:
Lesson
Designating a country focal point will provide the TA an intermediary, collaborating closely with the subprojects’ leaders. This contributes significantly to successful outcomes.

Project Number: 52322-002
Project Name: Preparing Sustainable Energy Investment Projects
Report Date:
Lesson
By advancing sector reforms, a facility TA, which involves multiple subprojects running concurrently within one framework, can address the risk of losing consistency or coherence among the subprojects. By setting a general policy priority and road map for sector development, the TA will be able to effectively bring its subprojects onto a common path/direction.

Project Number: 52322-002
Project Name: Preparing Sustainable Energy Investment Projects
Report Date:
Lesson
Adapting to the changing government priorities facilitates the attainment of tangible outputs. Moreover, in this case, swift adaptation to the changing internal policy environment at ADB and proactive stakeholder consultations transformed risks into opportunities. The TA needs to be flexible enough to respond to the changing conditions of supply and demand, as well as to political and regulatory realities, to maximize tangible outputs.

Project Number: 52322-002
Project Name: Preparing Sustainable Energy Investment Projects
Report Date:
Lesson
TA projects need to incorporate contingency plans to account for unforeseen events, such as global pandemics or other disruptions, to ensure the continuity and success of the projects. It will be useful to coordinate with the nonsovereign and advisory departments at the TA design stage to support the government synergistically.

Project Number: 52322-002
Project Name: Preparing Sustainable Energy Investment Projects
Report Date:
Lesson
A holistic understanding of the direction of sector reforms and a programmatic approach in investment programs, synchronized with the pace of sector reforms, will help build resilience in TA design and deliver a more ambitious agenda than originally planned.

Project Number: 52322-002
Project Name: Preparing Sustainable Energy Investment Projects
Report Date: