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Lesson
For ADB to apply its Safeguards Policy Statement (2009) in cognizance of national laws.

Project Number: 37559-023, 37559-033
Project Name: National Highway Development Sector Investment Program - Project 1
Report Date:
Lesson
The capacity of Afghanistan Investment Support Agency (AISA) to promote new investment in Afghanistan and the availability of PRG cover to support such investment was poor because of staff turnover and an inadequate incentive framework. This should have been anticipated and technical assistance could have looked at ways to address this problem.

Project Number: 38598-013
Project Name: Afghanistan Investment Guarantee Facility Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Prudential supervisory and regulatory infrastructure and capacity. Prudential supervisory and regulatory infrastructure for bank and nonbank finance institutions with capacity and commitment to reform is essential to maintaining a stable and efficient financial system, regardless of size.

Project Number: 33196-013
Project Name: Small and Microfinance Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Technical expertise. To expedite project implementation and avoid project delays, the gap between technical and management expertise should be bridged by frequent consultations and diverse team compositions. For example, ADB missions should include information technology (IT) and procurement experts, who may provide adequate and timely guidance on technical matters and ADB procurement. The government's supervision and oversee consultants should facilitate mutual understanding and trust between the contractors and government, and provide adequate problem solving.

Project Number: 34276-013
Project Name: Information Technology Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The project found very few agroenterprises in the target districts. Toward the end of the project, the focus switched to providing agribusiness skills to the higher-performing farmer households that had already been trained in the new technologies. A number of examples emerged where these farmer households moved along the production chain and got involved in the production and/or sale of farm inputs to other farmers—e.g., chicks for chicken farming, fingerlings for fish farming, chicken feed, vaccines.

Project Number: 34380-013
Project Name: Agriculture Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The government needs to review and include interim milestone dates in the contract documents to ensure timely work completion and avoid extensions.

Project Number: 37027-013
Project Name: Subregional Transport Facilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Significant inflation during project implementation affected the project cost. The total project cost could have been less than that actually spent, if the initial 2-year delay in implementation had been avoided. Action should have been taken by all the parties concerned including ADB to ensure that the government was taking timely action.

Project Number: 38074-013
Project Name: Kashkadarya and Navoi Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Counterpart financing. The project funds comprised international funds and domestic funds. For smooth project implementation, the timely availability of counterpart funds is a key issue. For the project, the actual ADB financing was $22.0 million and the counterpart funds mobilized from stockholders and local banks was $35.9 million, all of which was provided in a timely manner that ensured smooth project implementation and early project commissioning.

Project Number: 39652-023
Project Name: Gansu Heihe Rural Hydropower Development Investment Program: Erlongshan Hydropower Project
Report Date:
Lesson
An important lesson regards the nature of the courses that were offered and if they were the most appropriate ones for an online distance-learning platform.

Project Number: 33251-013
Project Name: Distance Education Modernization Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Regular review and updating of the DMF would have aided monitoring and evaluation. A design and monitoring framework (DMF) needs to follow ADB's standard format yet be dynamic.

Project Number: 34318-013
Project Name: Aquatic Resource Development and Quality Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Without absorptive capacity in ministries, very little technical skills transfer will occur;

Project Number: 37393-032, 37393-042
Project Name: Private Sector and Financial Market Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The quality of civil works for watertight structures, such as the underground and elevated water reservoirs constructed under the project, achieved the required local standards. However, local civil works contractors need further training on technology and workmanship for the construction of water supply facilities, in particular, watertight structures to reach international standards.

Project Number: 38074-013
Project Name: Kashkadarya and Navoi Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
There were no apparent incentives for project management to properly assess project impacts, so the collection and use of baseline data and strengthening of overall monitoring of beneficiaries need a stronger institutional push.

Project Number: 31361-013
Project Name: Rural Enterprise Finance Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In general, it is proposed that program loans should either not include highly complex and far-reaching policy reforms or build on enhanced policy dialogue, comprehensive technical assistance, and intensive monitoring and review by ADB. Lack of technical understanding on the part of political decision makers requires support for comprehensive and consistent advisory technical assistance throughout the drafting and approval process of new legislation.

Project Number: 34135-013
Project Name: Financial Regulation and Governance Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Although there clearly was a commitment to change in relation to most tranche conditions, there was back-tracking on the initial commitment to divest state-owned enterprises. However, after considerable reflection and reconsideration of options over the program period, all state-owned enterprises were successfully divested, and the benefits of this - significantly better operations and financial performance of the ongoing enterprises, and cost savings for those wound up - are increasingly appreciated.

Project Number: 34380-013
Project Name: Agriculture Sector Development Program
Report Date: