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Lesson
Bringing in private sector experience yields efficiency. The eventual full participation of Tianjin Capital Environmental Protection Company (TCEPC) in component A was a good demonstration of private sector participation, particularly in bringing about the required expertise in running a wastewater treatment plant. Aside from the Beicang wastewater treatment plant, TCEPC is also responsible for the operations of three other large-scale wastewater treatment plants in Tianjin.

Project Number: 31190-013
Project Name: Tianjin Wastewater Treatment and Water Resources Protection Project [Loan 1797-PRC]
Report Date:
Lesson
Adequate consultation and better communication with affected people for projects experiencing resettlement issues can reduce implementation delays. Historically, resettlement implemented for the Yuqiao Reservoir occurred in three phases: 1960–1967, 1973, and 1979–1982. It was complex. Delays in the implementation of the resettlement subcomponent of this project could have been mitigated if lessons from the past have been taken into account.

Project Number: 31190-013
Project Name: Tianjin Wastewater Treatment and Water Resources Protection Project [Loan 1797-PRC]
Report Date:
Lesson
The need to take immediate action to scale down project costs, and/or cancel part of the corresponding loan, when it becomes apparent that the government is unable or unwilling to put up the necessary counterpart funds. While it is important to correctly and objectively assess implementation constraints and implementation capacity, countries with serious development needs and weak institutional capacity should be assisted with building up this capacity as part of project design.

Project Number: 30210-013
Project Name: Reproductive Health Project [Loan 1900(SF)-PAK]
Report Date:
Lesson
Receptiveness for gender development is context specific. During appraisal, one of the benefits identified from the project was to provide employment opportunities to women through the All-China Women’s Federation. At the project’s completion, it was mentioned that women were employed as laborers during construction, and some were given permanent jobs in the IAs. Moreover, there were training opportunities given for skills enhancement. Given the focus on the growing role of women in development, gender equality is inevitably mentioned in ADB projects.

Project Number: 31190-013
Project Name: Tianjin Wastewater Treatment and Water Resources Protection Project [Loan 1797-PRC]
Report Date:
Lesson
Complementarity of projects and donor coordination would improve operational efficiency. Sewerage construction needs to be fully addressed in the early stage of the project, particularly as it affects the implementation of wastewater treatment operations. Further to this, when the two are implemented by different funding institutions, the need for inter-donor coordination is essential to ensure that project operations and targeted completion are not compromised.

Project Number: 31190-013
Project Name: Tianjin Wastewater Treatment and Water Resources Protection Project [Loan 1797-PRC]
Report Date:
Lesson
Involving communities in environmental improvements increases their sustainability. The Yuqiao Reservoir subcomponent involved environment improvements to 68 villages. For such community-based subcomponents, community participation and self-management are effective gateways into sustainable implementation and operation. For similar projects, a community participation and self-management booklet should be prepared by villagers under the guidance of the social specialist at the project preparatory or implementation stage.

Project Number: 31190-013
Project Name: Tianjin Wastewater Treatment and Water Resources Protection Project [Loan 1797-PRC]
Report Date:
Lesson
A two-pronged approach focusing on developing institutions and training is needed to strengthen agencies. Various trainings were given to the executing and implementing agencies in water supply and wastewater treatment operations. Aside from training, emphasis on developing the institutions, such as review of the overall organization structures and terms of reference of management and staff, would be helpful in further strengthening the EA and IAs.

Project Number: 31190-013
Project Name: Tianjin Wastewater Treatment and Water Resources Protection Project [Loan 1797-PRC]
Report Date:
Lesson
The need for more frequent review missions, probably with an appropriate consultant/advisor on board, in the early years of implementation and for as long as project implementation is deemed off track; and

Project Number: 30210-013
Project Name: Reproductive Health Project [Loan 1900(SF)-PAK]
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 32058-023
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program [Loan 1891-PAK]
Report Date:
Lesson
The lack of success in restructuring SME Bank also reconfirms lessons identified by IED and other development partners with regard to state bank restructuring, including labor retrenchment and incentive issues, as well as the difficulties associated with privatization such as determining an acceptable sale price and finding reputable strategic investors for a bank with an SME focus. On the positive side, the 7 ADB. 2006. Guidelines for Preparing Performance Evaluation Reports for Public Sector Operations. Manila.

Project Number: 34327-013, 34327-023
Project Name: Small and Medium Enterprise Sector Development Program [Loan 2066-2067- PAK]
Report Date:
Lesson
Project targets should be achievable. Cost estimates should be based on thorough and professional assessments as part of a feasibility study, instead of aspirational or subjective considerations alone.

Project Number: 34234-013
Project Name: Rural Area Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Before the project, microfinance was nearly absent in the rural areas of the CHT. The project introduced a relatively sustainable microfinance arrangement through local NGOs. Despite the existence of the other project providing grant assistance, the microfinance facilities under the ADB project are gradually expanding to meet demand in remote communities.

Project Number: 32467-013
Project Name: Chittagong Hill Tracts Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A program should have a well-defined exit strategy. This program was designed for implementation over 3 years with specified medium-term targets. It successfully closed upon completing subprogram 3. Without an exit strategy, the program risks reform fatigue and may encourage lax compliance with policy reforms. Introducing the post-program partnership framework during subprogram 3 proved to be effective in ensuring the sustainability of key reforms.

Project Number: 40538-013, 40538-023, 40538-033
Project Name: Development Policy Support Program Cluster
Report Date:
Lesson
The rural roads improved under the project generally established all-weather connectivity between remote communities and growth-center markets and other important centers with economic, health, and educational facilities. Nongovernment organizations (NGOs) and other government service providers could also reach rural remote inhabitants more easily.

Project Number: 32467-013
Project Name: Chittagong Hill Tracts Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Enterprise ownership lacking. The lack of ownership and commitment on the part of the project enterprises to the preparation of the project design document (PDD) might cause the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) pilot bundling project to fail. In the case of the pilot CDM project in Henan Province, the provincial government may need to change its role from direct involvement in the CDM project development to technical support. The government should also seek direct involvement by the enterprises to enhance their ownership and understanding of the CDM process.

Project Number: 33443-013
Project Name: Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Wastes Project
Report Date: