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Lesson
Complementarity of projects and donor coordination would improve operational efficiency. Sewerage construction needs to be fully addressed in the early stage of the project, particularly as it affects the implementation of wastewater treatment operations. Further to this, when the two are implemented by different funding institutions, the need for inter-donor coordination is essential to ensure that project operations and targeted completion are not compromised.

Project Number: 31190-013
Project Name: Tianjin Wastewater Treatment and Water Resources Protection Project [Loan 1797-PRC]
Report Date:
Lesson
The need for more frequent review missions, probably with an appropriate consultant/advisor on board, in the early years of implementation and for as long as project implementation is deemed off track; and

Project Number: 30210-013
Project Name: Reproductive Health Project [Loan 1900(SF)-PAK]
Report Date:
Lesson
No new lessons

Project Number: 32058-023
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program [Loan 1891-PAK]
Report Date:
Lesson
Involving communities in environmental improvements increases their sustainability. The Yuqiao Reservoir subcomponent involved environment improvements to 68 villages. For such community-based subcomponents, community participation and self-management are effective gateways into sustainable implementation and operation. For similar projects, a community participation and self-management booklet should be prepared by villagers under the guidance of the social specialist at the project preparatory or implementation stage.

Project Number: 31190-013
Project Name: Tianjin Wastewater Treatment and Water Resources Protection Project [Loan 1797-PRC]
Report Date:
Lesson
A two-pronged approach focusing on developing institutions and training is needed to strengthen agencies. Various trainings were given to the executing and implementing agencies in water supply and wastewater treatment operations. Aside from training, emphasis on developing the institutions, such as review of the overall organization structures and terms of reference of management and staff, would be helpful in further strengthening the EA and IAs.

Project Number: 31190-013
Project Name: Tianjin Wastewater Treatment and Water Resources Protection Project [Loan 1797-PRC]
Report Date:
Lesson
The lack of success in restructuring SME Bank also reconfirms lessons identified by IED and other development partners with regard to state bank restructuring, including labor retrenchment and incentive issues, as well as the difficulties associated with privatization such as determining an acceptable sale price and finding reputable strategic investors for a bank with an SME focus. On the positive side, the 7 ADB. 2006. Guidelines for Preparing Performance Evaluation Reports for Public Sector Operations. Manila.

Project Number: 34327-013, 34327-023
Project Name: Small and Medium Enterprise Sector Development Program [Loan 2066-2067- PAK]
Report Date:
Lesson
The rural roads improved under the project generally established all-weather connectivity between remote communities and growth-center markets and other important centers with economic, health, and educational facilities. Nongovernment organizations (NGOs) and other government service providers could also reach rural remote inhabitants more easily.

Project Number: 32467-013
Project Name: Chittagong Hill Tracts Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A program should have a well-defined exit strategy. This program was designed for implementation over 3 years with specified medium-term targets. It successfully closed upon completing subprogram 3. Without an exit strategy, the program risks reform fatigue and may encourage lax compliance with policy reforms. Introducing the post-program partnership framework during subprogram 3 proved to be effective in ensuring the sustainability of key reforms.

Project Number: 40538-013, 40538-023, 40538-033
Project Name: Development Policy Support Program Cluster
Report Date:
Lesson
Enterprise ownership lacking. The lack of ownership and commitment on the part of the project enterprises to the preparation of the project design document (PDD) might cause the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) pilot bundling project to fail. In the case of the pilot CDM project in Henan Province, the provincial government may need to change its role from direct involvement in the CDM project development to technical support. The government should also seek direct involvement by the enterprises to enhance their ownership and understanding of the CDM process.

Project Number: 33443-013
Project Name: Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Wastes Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Broad consultation, awareness raising, and development of skills of key state stakeholders during loan preparation would have enhanced program implementation and possibly reduced the delays in achieving loan effectiveness.

Project Number: 31382-012
Project Name: Private Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
When designing and implementing rural infrastructure in remote areas with indigenous populations as potential workers and beneficiaries, there must be a careful review of local habits and customs to understand how these can accommodate the common modalities of civil contracting. The original project schedule was too optimistic and did not leave enough time for careful review and adjustment. In such a case, a component that does not suit the needs of a specific target population could leave that population unserved or bypassed.

Project Number: 32467-013
Project Name: Chittagong Hill Tracts Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
If necessary, triggers should be supported by technical assistance (TA), as were the subprogram 2 and 3 public financial management (PFM) triggers. During the review of subprogram 2 policy triggers, the government and ADB identified gaps in government budget execution, internal audit and controls, and reporting, acerbated by the underdevelopment of the government's computerized accounts system. The government asked ADB for longer-term integrated TA to strengthen its PFM framework.

Project Number: 40538-013, 40538-023, 40538-033
Project Name: Development Policy Support Program Cluster
Report Date:
Lesson
Government ownership key. The project objectives were in line with the government's national policy on environmental improvement, renewable energy development, and poverty reduction in rural areas. The project activities were also well integrated with the existing institutional system, which involved rural energy offices and extension service stations in the counties and villages.

Project Number: 33443-013
Project Name: Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Wastes Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The unilateral withdrawal of a relatively large amount of cofinancing by Danida (around 50% of the total amount allocated for the rural access component) after project approval considerably delayed implementation and created difficulties in meeting project objectives and targets. The cofinancing was unfortunately a condition of loan effectiveness. The project was declared effective in October 2002, after the cofinancing condition was declared void.

Project Number: 32467-013
Project Name: Chittagong Hill Tracts Rural Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Climate and location important. Local weather conditions can affect the success of technology, as they did in the case of the type I system. The sustainability of type I systems, which include a greenhouse, could be marginal in Shanxi Province where the annual average temperature is low and they can only function properly for about half the year. The province's harsh weather also means that the greenhouses deteriorate faster and need more intensive maintenance. Understanding the geography of farmers' lives is also important in designing projects such as this.

Project Number: 33443-013
Project Name: Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Wastes Project
Report Date: