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Lesson
The persistence of a minor or routine problem could mask serious underlying issues that the project design left unidentified or unresolved, e.g., ownership of the project objectives or governance issues.

Project Number: 30208-013
Project Name: Decentralized Elementary Education Project (Sindh)
Report Date:
Lesson
Higher proportion of the budget should be attributed to nonstructural aspects, and these should be more closely monitored. It may be noted that the review missions, as typified by the midterm and the final reviews, have regarded these nonstructural measures as having been achieved, without looking beyond the simple passing of regulations.

Project Number: 35081-013
Project Name: Flood Mitigation Project [Loan 2068-AZE]
Report Date:
Lesson
Even a minor or routine problem—e.g., the currency of the second-generation imprest accounts in the districts—can prove fatal and bring down the entire project if left unresolved over a long time.

Project Number: 30208-013
Project Name: Decentralized Elementary Education Project (Sindh)
Report Date:
Lesson
It is noted by this validation that the project worked well with both sides in the conflict, and was well accepted in conflict-affected areas. Developing this type of rapport is important, and reflects well on the project implementers. The lessons should be relevant in other conflict or post-conflict situations.

Project Number: 34442-013
Project Name: North East Community Restoration and Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Overly complex and ambitious projects are difficult to implement especially when the executing agency is not familiar with the procedures and institutional practices of ADB.

Project Number: 30208-013
Project Name: Decentralized Elementary Education Project (Sindh)
Report Date:
Lesson
Need for steps to be taken at an early stage to keep the TA on track, and ensure that it is being managed according to the objectives of the loan program that it is supporting. IED’s 2005 SAPE for Social Sectors in Pakistan in fact had anticipated these based on the issues that it identified from the then implementation of SDSSP.

Project Number: 34337-033
Project Name: Sindh Devolved Social Services Project [Loan 2049-PAK]
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB should obtain a stronger commitment from executing agencies to institutional strengthening and provide stronger M&E to meet that commitment.

Project Number: 33441-013
Project Name: Acid Rain Control and Environmental Improvement Project [Loan 1890-PRC]
Report Date:
Lesson
Institutional change process. The magnitude of loss in potential revenue because of its delay in introducing open competition in state plantation timber harvesting was demonstrated analytically to the government through a comprehensive plantation measurement and valuation system. This led to an increase in stumpage rates and provided an incentive for the Forest Department to take steps to review the mandate of the State Timber Corporation and make it more cost efficient. But much still needs to be done to enhance competitiveness in the sector.

Project Number: 30215-013
Project Name: Forest Resources Management Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Inadequate project design undermines project implementation. Good project design is a basic requirement for project success, and inadequate design can prevent project success. In this case, design did not demonstrate adequate technical understanding of the availability of suitable water or the feasibility of its use for water supply and sanitation (WSS) projects in four of the six provincial towns.

Project Number: 31467-013
Project Name: Provincial Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
An inappropriate and poorly performing consulting firm should have been replaced as soon as possible. Heavy reliance on a single group of consultants' for both components does not work.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Women's Market Section (WMS). The project made an effort to include WMSs in all market developments to bring women more into the mainstream of the rural economy. However, women in some areas are conservative and not willing to run shops side-by-side with men. WMSs should only be included in market developments where project appraisal indicates that women are interested and available to participate in running the facilities; otherwise, the resources can be used elsewhere.

Project Number: 31304-013
Project Name: Rural Infrastructure Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
More attention should have been paid to the executing agency's ability to implement the project. Inadequate capacity resulted in complex problems and incomplete outputs.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Inappropriate monitoring and reporting risks noncompliance, suspension, or early closure. ADB should enforce regular monitoring of land acquisition, resettlement, and environmental impacts.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
Better linkage between health outcomes and WSS outputs should be promoted in WSS projects by including sanitation, hygiene, and health promotion activities in project design.

Project Number: 31402-013
Project Name: Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A stepwise, flexible approach should have been adopted with adequate supervision support for sector specialists in the policy and reform program and capacity building activities.

Project Number: 32058-013
Project Name: Road Sector Development Program
Report Date: