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Lesson
In designing an multitranche financing facility program, it is important to formulate tranche-specific design and monitoring frameworks that are logical and have sound links of outcome and outputs in line with the SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and timely) principle. These indicators need to work in concert to reflect the appropriateness and continuum of the results chain leading up to the high-level development impacts that are most relevant to the scope and focus of that specific tranche.

Project Number: 42414-033
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program (Tranche 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Strong political will and commitment at all levels of government authorities have a decisive impact on the effective and efficient implementation of LAR activities in the context of complex project situations, such as this one. It is important for an executing agency to be proactive and work closely with local authorities and stakeholders to resolve identified issues on the ground. Monitoring of land acquisition and resettlement plan implementation is best to start early to identify issues and find effective solutions in a timely manner.

Project Number: 42414-033
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program (Tranche 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Active engagement with key government agencies is important. It can provide the much-needed oversight and intervention to facilitate the resolution of unexpected design and implementation issues emerging from project implementation. These especially concern issues that ADB has very limited control.

Project Number: 42414-033
Project Name: Sustainable Urban Transport Investment Program (Tranche 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Engaging capable design institutes, backed by sufficient budget and time allocations, will result in better quality technical designs that in turn will facilitate construction progress, reduce the need for contract variations, and optimize construction costs. There were significant variations in some of this project's civil works contracts. These variations resulted mainly from poor quality of technical designs, with errors and omissions in the construction drawings.

Project Number: 45507-003
Project Name: Yunnan Chuxiong Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Gender trainings are a must in ADB first-time projects. This was the first project funded by ADB in Chuxiong prefecture. As such, trainings on Gender equality and the project's Gender action (GAP) plan were needed to promote Gender awareness, develop understanding, and build capacities for GAP implementation. The trainings and overall design of GAP proved relevant and contributed to achieving overall project objectives.

Project Number: 45507-003
Project Name: Yunnan Chuxiong Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Reducing or avoiding implementation delays would require, among others: (i) ensuring that project and/or subproject implementation is a high priority for local governments and counterpart funds are provided in government annual budgets, and (ii) starting resettlement activities as early as possible and providing adequate funds for these activities.

Project Number: 45507-003
Project Name: Yunnan Chuxiong Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Incorporating utility shifting as part of the item-rate contract has proven effective for timely project completion in some Indian states. Utility shifting is usually contracted out to a third-party entity specialized in utility shifting. Contractors often abuse this arrangement, however, taking it as an excuse to delay civil works. To prevent this, the utility shifting should be included as an item in the bill of quantity to be carried out directly by the contractor.

Project Number: 41629-013, 44425-013
Project Name: Bihar State Highways II Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
As larger contracts experienced more delays compared to shorter contracts, in future projects, shorter-length contracts may be considered. The termination of contractors was observed to be due to their non-proactive approach while working in discontinuous encumbrance-free stretches of road, poor planning, and inadequate financial capability. Instead of terminating contracts, it would be more desirable to make encumbrance-free land available upfront, release retention money, and create escrow accounts—which were approaches that were successfully implemented.

Project Number: 41629-013, 44425-013
Project Name: Bihar State Highways II Project 
Report Date:
Lesson
The COVID-19 pandemic had certain impacts on Dongxing border port trading due to reduced traffic flow on the Fengcheng–Jiangshan road connecting to the port in 2021.

Project Number: 43023-013
Project Name: Guangxi Beibu Gulf Cities Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Closer communication and coordination between ADB and the implementing agencies (IAs) are necessary to ensure timely loan closing. The loan closing took about 21 months. One of the major reasons was that some of the withdrawal application papers submitted by the IAs were incomplete or inconsistent and clarifications or corrections of these took a long time. ADB’s review and clearance on these clarifications was also slow in several cases.

Project Number: 43023-013
Project Name: Guangxi Beibu Gulf Cities Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Scope changes can lead to extended implementation delays, especially when review and due diligence on these changes are not organized properly. The project experienced significant implementation delays due to factors which were unforeseen at approval. These changes resulted in reallocation ofthe loan proceeds. The review process including due diligence for these changes took 1 year on average. In fact, the process could have been shortened had the organization of these changes been orderly.

Project Number: 43023-013
Project Name: Guangxi Beibu Gulf Cities Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Well-formulated baseline data and indicators at appraisal permit more effective monitoring of project performance and achievements. Such benchmark data will help in facilitating the results assessment and improve the PCR’s clarity with respect to the project’s achieved outputs.

Project Number: 43200-024
Project Name: Bridge Replacement for Improved Rural Access Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Greater consideration of the capacity of the executing agency with respect to their investment planning, coordination, and implementation functions, as well as post-investment operation and maintenance activities, is crucial for a sector lending. Under the project, these factors were not adequately assessed in the sector analysis. This absence of sector analysis likely contributed to the low quality of project implementation and pertinent government agencies’ performance.

Project Number: 43200-024
Project Name: Bridge Replacement for Improved Rural Access Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Better estimation of generated traffic—based on “with-the-project” and “without-the-project” traffic forecasts—helps avoid the overestimation of vehicle operating cost savings. This is also a better approach in cost– benefit analysis and minimizes the overestimation of a project’s economic viability indicator (i.e., EIRR)

Project Number: 40173-043
Project Name: Highlands Region Road Improvement Investment Program - Project 2
Report Date:
Lesson
The collection of data on project socioeconomic benefits allows better assessment of a project’s development results. Projects that establish project performance management systems are likely to assess the economic viability and development impacts of road projects more accurately.

Project Number: 40173-043
Project Name: Highlands Region Road Improvement Investment Program - Project 2
Report Date: