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Lesson
The government's land acquisition plan should be prepared well before project approval so that all preparatory administrative procedures are completed ahead of physical implementation of projects.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Sufficient budget and institutional coordination should be available to minimize the transition period between the completion of resettlement housing and demolition of structures, and relocation of affected persons to their new residences.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project design and resettlement planning should be carefully sequenced with the government's development plan using a realistic implementation schedule.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Extra attention and resources should be allocated to projects involving displacement of unregistered or illegal properties.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The rapid urbanization and transformation of cities in the PRC means that resettlement safeguards are a critical element of urban projects throughout project preparation and implementation. This is particularly complex in the eastern coastal cities, such as Fuzhou, that experienced unplanned housing development.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Public announcement of the resettlement cutoff date and its notification to affected villagers should be supported by robust evidence of the established cutoff date such as unambiguous aerial photographs. Local authorities should also try to prevent people from building illegal structures and should rigorously enforce the cutoff date.

Project Number: 35340-013
Project Name: Fuzhou Environmental Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Implementation of a single window for foreign trade is an extremely complex process that requires a long-term commitment and high-level support. It also requires continuous dialogue with all concerned government agencies to lower resistance to change, including by middle managers and operational staff. The project should have had a longer implementation period and should have included a stronger communication and change management component. A project administration manual and a design and monitoring framework (DMF) at an earlier stage could have helped expedite implementation.

Project Number: 41544-072
Project Name: Investment Climate Improvement Program System Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Raising awareness of end-users is an important component of projects that streamline government administration. It helps increase demand for the systems, reduce misinformation, and support the overall change. The funding allocation to public awareness campaigns under the project could have been higher.

Project Number: 41544-072
Project Name: Investment Climate Improvement Program System Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Information technologgy training for government agencies' staff was expensive. It may be more efficient in future procurement plans to have a separate package for training in basic information and communication technology, as there are many institutions in the country that provide these services.

Project Number: 41544-072
Project Name: Investment Climate Improvement Program System Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Projects with significant information technology (IT) components require specific expertise in designing the software's technical specifications and bidding documents, and monitoring a software developer's work. The terms of reference for IT experts should have required candidates to have minimum experience in writing technical specifications for software development that were successfully tendered.

Project Number: 41544-072
Project Name: Investment Climate Improvement Program System Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is unlikely that civil servants in the Kyrgyz Republic have the necessary incentives to manage complex projects as unremunerated, part-time project managers, even if they are highly competent. It is also unlikely that public procurement processes can be managed without specialized procurement skills. A fully dedicated project manager and a procurement specialist should have been appointed to the project.

Project Number: 41544-072
Project Name: Investment Climate Improvement Program System Support Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Scrutiny of contractors and consultants before their selection is critical to the success of any project. In particular, in projects like this, which draw minimum interest because of security hazards, lack of oversight may jeopardize project implementation. Therefore, in Afghanistan, specifically in projects like this, such risks may be averted by giving more emphasis to quality and the performance record of both the consultants and the contractors, and not just the lowest price.

Project Number: 39467-013
Project Name: North-South Corridor Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Adverse security issues and project start-up delays are two main factors that have adversely affected and delayed almost all previous projects in Afghanistan, except those where these issues were carefully handled in advance. Furthermore, insufficient surveys during project processing, and major changes in the technical design parameters during project implementation, can also cause serious implementation delays and significant cost overrun. The project suffered security issues until the situation was fixed with the help of additional security arrangements.

Project Number: 39467-013
Project Name: North-South Corridor Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In a project of this nature, where there are serious security risks, and a potential for contractors' or consultants' suspension of works, or expected contract variations due to type of terrain, prompt decision making becomes critically important. This can be achieved through exceptional involvement of donors. ADB provided enhanced supervision both from headquarters and Afghanistan Resident Mission (AFRM). Staff were closely involved in identifying and promptly resolving issues.

Project Number: 39467-013
Project Name: North-South Corridor Project
Report Date:
Lesson
In future projects, both the government and donors should prepare realistic project schedules by carefully taking into account (a) the security situation and the time and resources required to carry out remedial actions for the safety of project teams throughout the projects; (b) actual construction period available in a year considering the altitude of the project areas and inclement weather conditions; (c) probability of rebidding due to lack of interest, competition, or exorbitant costs (beyond acceptable limits) offered by some interested bidders; (d) delays in contractor mobilization;

Project Number: 39467-013
Project Name: North-South Corridor Project
Report Date: