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Lesson
Ensuring that the design of the TA aligns with ADB strategic regional efforts is important in order for the TA to contribute to longer-term sustainable results. In this case, the TA was aligned with ADB strategies and policies on RCI, energy, and environment, as well as the national and regional policies and strategies of the SASEC member countries.

Project Number: 52070-001
Project Name: South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Regional Energy Cooperation
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Lesson
An established cooperation platform like the South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation (SASEC) facilitates the design of a regional TA and is particularly helpful in ensuring that TA activities are well grounded, technically sound,and flexible. The TA design and planning process followed a comprehensive and collaborative approach, analyzing regional cooperation and integration (RCI) potential and challenges in the energy sector of the SASEC region, with extensive consultations undertaken among various stakeholders in each SASEC member country.

Project Number: 52070-001
Project Name: South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Regional Energy Cooperation
Report Date:
Lesson
Technical knowledge in the sector and confident partnership with the sector’s main agencies built up over long-term policy dialogue are required for successful interventions and country assistance in a period of crises. When the food and financial crises required rapid assistance to Mongolia, ADB’s sector knowledge and the relations built up over several years of policy dialogue and assistance were the basis for rapidly preparing a program and project package to assist the government.

Project Number: 42322-012
Project Name: Food and Nutrition Social Welfare Program and Project 
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Lesson
Opportunities for advance procurement remain limited in Cambodia because financing is unavailable for detailed engineering designs in advance of loans. This limits the preparatory actions that could be undertaken to improve project readiness. Solutions such as a project design facility are being considered and may be possible from 2024 onwards.

Project Number: 41403-013
Project Name: Urban Water Supply Project
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Lesson
Short-term training courses have many advantages that make them more preferable than longer bachelor- and masters-level courses. The project colleges' management, teachers, and trainers expressed their preference for short-term training courses over the longer bachelor- and masters-level courses the project provided. This reflects their desire to receive specific subject training that can be achieved in more focused and shorter courses.

Project Number: 42278-024
Project Name: Second Strengthening Technical and Vocational Education and Training Project
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Lesson
Imprest fund and direct payment procedures could impact timely advance fund payment, leading to delays. Direct payment and reimbursement procedure was used by the project until 2018. This was discontinued in accordance with the policy change of the Government of India. Disbursements were on track— from the first disbursement on 12 September 2014—and reached 88.3% of the revised loan amount by the end of the original loan closing date of 30 June 2019.

Project Number: 42266-013, 42266-023
Project Name: Kolkata Environmental Improvement Investment Program - Tranche 1
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Lesson
A combination of policy-based lending (PBL) and technical assistance (TA) engagement, based on ADB's differentiated approach in small island developing states (SIDS), can further enhance the impact of ADB assistance to public sector management in Fiji. The design of this reflected ADB's differentiated approach in SIDS, spreading reforms across complementary areas and government units while combining policy actions that introduce or advance policy and legal frameworks with those that support their implementation.

Project Number: 55116-001
Project Name: Sustainable and Resilient Recovery Program
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Lesson
The achievement of project outcomes and outputs, and the development impact of the project demonstrates the effectiveness of water supply and sanitation projects to increase the economic welfare of the poorest and most disadvantaged people in a country.

Project Number: 38254-053
Project Name: North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (Tranche 3)
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Lesson
The achievement of project outcomes and outputs and the development impact of the project demonstrate the effectiveness of WSS projects in increasing the economic welfare of the poorest and most disadvantaged people in a country.

Project Number: 35173-013
Project Name: Third Small Towns Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Project
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Lesson
The project highlighted the importance of safeguarding the nation’s wealth fund (State Oil Fund of the Republic of Azerbaijan or SOFAZ) to ensure that social programs and development priorities are sustained. In times when the nation’s wealth fund can be compromised due to external factors, exploring and pursuing viable funding options to meet the government’s financial obligations can ease pressures on the use of the fund other than its intended purposes.

Project Number: 49451-002
Project Name: Shah Deniz Gas Field Expansion Project
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Lesson
The collective development results of a regional cooperation and integration project (e.g., cross-border spill-over effects of economic benefits and scale economies) rely on a well-defined and formulated joint project design and collective actions, including well-coordinated implementation activities among participating countries. These results, which were not evident in this project, reduce coordination failures and help in enhancing the delivery of regional public goods and services, including economic benefits.

Project Number: 40190-023
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Flood and Drought Risk Management and Mitigation Project
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Lesson
Good due diligence at appraisal is important to prepare a realistic project schedule considering the institutional setup, internal review and approval procedures, existing capacity, and prior experience of the government and executing agency in implementing ADB and other development partners' projects. Formulating appropriate project design, identifying major risks, implementing adequate mitigation measures, and providing early implementation support are crucial in minimizing startup delays and facilitating the timely implementation progress of projects.

Project Number: 44130-022
Project Name: District Capitals Water Supply Project
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Lesson
In terms of project design, in-depth analysis of various loan modality options and risks assessment, taking in consideration the ountry’s huge capacity and institutional gaps, can help design an appropriate loan modality. For example, a sector lending, which can also run for a decade and sustain capacity support to the sector, requires a sector analysis that covers a thorough analysis of the factors that affect the performance of the sector, including policy, institutional or regulatory frameworks, as well as the sustainability of the investment.

Project Number: 40173-044
Project Name: Highlands Region Road Improvement Investment Program - MFF and Project 3
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Lesson
India's policy on land acquisition needs an amendment in cases where sufficient land for improvement is not voluntarily available. This would allow for permission te be granted outside the scope of the policy, as necessary. As of 2022, the Prime Minister’s Rural Roads Program (PMGSY)is being implemented with no land acquisition. Where land is required, only voluntary-based possession is allowed. If sufficient land cannot be pooled on a voluntary basis, a geometric design is used as a compromise. However, these locations may become accident black spots.

Project Number: 48266-002, 48226-004
Project Name: Second Rural Connectivity Investment Program (Tranche 2 and Multitranche Financing Facility)
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Lesson
The green campus policy could align more closely with climate change mitigation and adaptation practices with measurable and quantifiable indicators so that the amount of energy saved and emissions reduced could be reportable and verifiable. Since the green campus concept was already incorporated at an output level in the design and monitoring framework, more specifications could have been provided at the project design stage, rather than just the formulation of campus policy.

Project Number: 46047-002
Project Name: Guangxi Nanning Vocational Education Development Project
Report Date: