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Lesson
A strong design and monitoring framework, with better defined outcomes and outputs and measurable indicators, and the setting up of a project performance and monitoring system during project preparation or at project startup could help track implementation challenges. These may have helped mitigate the risk of scope changes, loan cancellations, and early implementation delays due mainly to delays in startup activities, such as signing of subsidiary loan agreements, detailed engineering design, bidding document preparation, and delays in land acquisition and resettlement.

Project Number: 41456-043
Project Name: Water Sector Investment Program - Tranche 3
Report Date:
Lesson
Inaccurate quantitative targets of DMF indicators can be misleading and penalize performance unfairly.

Project Number: 55035-001
Project Name: Research for Demonstration of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage Technologies in Industrial Sectors of Yunnan Province
Report Date:
Lesson
Most of the results were output based. There was limited evidence on the impact that the program was expected to have on reducing skill gaps in the labor market. A closer focus on the employability of students (through tracer studies) would help demonstrate program effectiveness.

Project Number: 48101-003
Project Name: Guizhou Vocational Education Development Program
Report Date:
Lesson
The program correctly sought to balance power load between the three regions (outcome) to remove transmission bottleneck that would promote proper siting and least-cost power generation planning, whic is particularly important for transitioning from fuel-based to renewable energy-based power generation. To highlight this importance, the design and monitoring framework needed a target for annual energy flows across regions that is contingent on a sound medium- to long-term energy investment program.

Project Number: 42039-033, 42039-036
Project Name: Power Transmission Investment Program (Multitranche Financing Facility and Tranche 3)
Report Date:
Lesson
It is a good practice to provide relevant macroeconomic data to highlight the significance of environmental improvements. In the case of this project, the generation of secondary macroeconomic data, at the very least, could have strengthened the preliminary assessment of the project’s development impact. In discussing impacts of climate mitigation project and the co-benefits of air pollution reduction, it would be worthwhile to link these up with macro data.

Project Number: 47051-002
Project Name: Chemical Industry Energy Efficiency and Emission Reduction Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The formulation of performance indicators in the context of regional dimension helps better assessment of the shared economic benefits among participating countries. Consequently, these performance indicators could provide insights into the magnitude and significance of these spill-over effects or shared economic benefits. In particular, these could provide insights into whether these regional economic benefits were well-dispersed or if a specific project entailed an asymmetrical distribution of benefits and costs across the countries.

Project Number: 40190-023
Project Name: Greater Mekong Subregion Flood and Drought Risk Management and Mitigation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Outcome performance indicators need to be designed deliberately to establish a reasonable cause–effect relationship between outputs and outcome. It is important that the outcome performance indicators are directly influenced by and attributable to the project, reflecting the immediate and direct benefits of application of the project outputs.

Project Number: 43023-013
Project Name: Guangxi Beibu Gulf Cities Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A more nuanced iteration of the project design and monitoring framework (DMF) i.e., accurately differentiating outcome and output indicators, would be beneficial to facilitate better project results assessments. As observed by this validation, impact, outcome, and output statements in the DMF were vague and similar, and did not provide sufficient guidance to focus performance targets that would have provided better evidence for achieving the goals of the impact, outcome, and output statements.

Project Number: 45507-003
Project Name: Yunnan Chuxiong Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Sound identification and valuation of costs and benefits in the economic analysis can provide more realistic economic internal rates of return (EIRRs) to indicate a more accurate state of project viability. The economic analysis in the RRP and PCR underestimated the value of the project outputs, particularly the economic benefits of the solid waste management component, which led to a low EIRR. Willingness-to-pay $2 per month for solid waste removal seems too low and unreasonable considering the substantial health and environmental benefits that such removal likely provides.

Project Number: 45507-003
Project Name: Yunnan Chuxiong Urban Environment Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Investments with innovative design elements should include monitoring systems that can capture how these innovations have performed for wider dissemination and upscaling. Tackling nonpoint source (NPS) pollution through wetland construction and eco-compensation represents real innovation; however, the project completion report could have better outlined how these approaches worked in practice.

Project Number: 44036-013
Project Name: Anhui Chao Lake Environmental Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
A well-designed project performance management system is useful in facilitating the identification, quantification, and valuation of economic benefits.

Project Number: 46058-002
Project Name: Qinghai Delingha Concentrated Solar Thermal Power Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The use of accurate and robust data, especially for traffic analysis, is crucial in assessing the economic viability and financial sustainability of the project. Together with plausible assumptions and parameters based on recent economic data, credibility of the economic and financial analysis can be strengthened. This is one area where ADB can provide technical and knowledge support by carefully reviewing the forecasts prepared and ensuring that they are based on the latest economic data. Economic benefits associated with incremental demand

Project Number: 35354-013
Project Name: Lanzhou–Chongqing
Railway Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Project benefit identification, quantification, and valuation depend on the establishment and effective use of PPMS. The project was not successful in training FMG staff in the use of PPMS and, therefore, the project benefits in the EIRR calculation in the PCR were put into question.

Project Number: 44007-013
Project Name: Jiangxi Fuzhou Urban
Integrated Infrastructure Improvement Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The main driver of the project was improving the quality of USE to enhance productivity and employability in Viet Nam’s growing economy. However, the revision of curriculum and instructional material preparation was not within the sphere of the project. Instead, the project assumed that curriculum revision and new instructional material will be introduced within the project time frame, but outside the project scope. ADB should have properly identified such a project risk and adequately reflected it in project risk

Project Number: 42275-013
Project Name: Second Upper Secondary Education
Development Project
Report Date:
Lesson
The DMF missed some essential data that were important in measuring project effectiveness. As this was a follow-up project, both executing agency and ADB should have had up-to-date data and information. To avoid such issues, ADB needs to make a rigorous assessment of the institutional arrangements, and database benchmarks in the case of long-term commitments and preparation of additional follow-on projects.

Project Number: 42275-013
Project Name: Second Upper Secondary Education
Development Project
Report Date: