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Lesson
A detailed assessment of water adequacy and the introduction of proper operation and maintenance measures and an adequate level of water charges are critical to successful outcome and long-term sustainability of irrigation projects.\

Project Number: 45354-002
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience in the Pyanj River Basin
Report Date:
Lesson
The assessment of benefits from new or renovated irrigation systems cannot be meaningfully compiled without detailed farm budgets (cropping patterns, yields, production costs, farm-gate prices).

Project Number: 45354-002
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience in the Pyanj River Basin
Report Date:
Lesson
The selection of a single year as the baseline against which to measure the reduction in losses due to severe climate events is problematic. Since such events vary considerably from year to year, selecting a single year as the baseline can lead to distorted results. An alternative approach is to take the average of several years as the baseline. Another more meaningful alternative is to compare losses in areas protected by project works with similar neighboring areas without such works.

Project Number: 45354-002
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience in the Pyanj River Basin
Report Date:
Lesson
A project focusing on microfinance could help remove obstacles to micro-insurance or other risk transfer schemes in the agricultural sector. The project did not create a market for micro-insurance as envisaged.

Project Number: 45389-001, 45389-002, 45389-003, 45389-004
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience in the Pyanj River Basin
Report Date:
Lesson
Less stringent selection criteria, which enables the participation of more eligible financial institutions, could optimize the impact of microlending short-term, low-interest loans in unbanked but regularly earning agricultural communities. The selection of partner participating financial institutions (PFIs) for the microlending component of this project may have been too strict. This resulted in the participation of only 3 of the 6 large PFIs in Tajikistan, all of which are foreign-owned and likely to have been effective partners.

Project Number: 45389-001, 45389-002, 45389-003, 45389-004
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience in the Pyanj River Basin
Report Date:
Lesson
Timing and location are essential to the participation of women in gender-related and other project activities. Implementation of this project’s gender action plan (GAP) was challenged by the wide geographic dispersion of households, which created difficulties in gathering project participants for training. The gender awareness campaigns also coincided with the harvest season, which made it difficult for farmer-beneficiaries to take part.

Project Number: 45389-001, 45389-002, 45389-003, 45389-004
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience in the Pyanj River Basin
Report Date:
Lesson
A thorough assessment of the financial management capacity of executing agencies (EAs) is required to mitigate the risk of financial issues disrupting project implementation or leading to non-compliance to loan covenants/grant agreements. The Agency for Land Reclamation and Irrigation (ALRI), the EA for 2 of this project’s 4 intended outputs, did not monitor the commercial bank that held the advance accounts for said outputs. When the bank became insolvent, part of the advance accounts was frozen, and was refunded only after government intervention albeit with significant delay.

Project Number: 45389-001, 45389-002, 45389-003, 45389-004
Project Name: Building Climate Resilience in the Pyanj River Basin
Report Date:
Lesson
Incorporating capacity development (whenever and wherever needed) as an integral part of project design results in a more holistic development approach. At the beginning of the project, the MEW was institutionally weak, and the Hari Rud RBA did not exist. The project spent $7.5 million in loan and grants funds for capacity development.

Project Number: 36252-013
Project Name: Western Basins Water Resources Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
When designing a project even in a difficult and tenuous political situation, it may be best to be strongly proactive rather than tentative and conservative. In an area that is just recovering from a long civil war, with a practically nonfunctioning implementing agency and a weak government capacity, the ADB preparation team designed a project with a whole gamut of proactive measures to bring about improved water resources management using basin-wide IWRM principles.

Project Number: 36252-013
Project Name: Western Basins Water Resources Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Appropriate scoping of DNA is a critical element in planning a rehabilitation project. This could be enhanced through collaborative engagement of all key stakeholders during the conduct of reconnaissance and rapid assessment. For example, appropriate technical guidance in the preparation and conduct of DNA, taking into account the managerial and operational skills and institutional capacities of the concerned agencies, could promote a more streamlined implementation of project activities.

Project Number: 48326-001
Project Name: Northern Flood-Damaged Infrastructure Emergency Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Utilizing executing and implementing agencies with prior experience of ADB-assisted projects, helps strengthen the support for an emergency assistance project. Their experience with the established procedures could facilitate preparatory activities for an emergency assistance. For instance, competent technical staff from these agencies could be readily mobilized and rapidly deployed during the conduct of disaster project reconnaissance and preparation missions.

Project Number: 48326-001
Project Name: Northern Flood-Damaged Infrastructure Emergency Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Providing a degree of flexibility in the scope and output targets during the preparation of emergency assistance projects could help in the attainment of project results. Often, greater emphasis is made to facilitate project formulation and get activities going on the ground as expeditiously as possible, usually within three months from the occurrence of a disaster. Under such circumstances, however, it is difficult to be precise as to what actually needs to be done.

Project Number: 48326-001
Project Name: Northern Flood-Damaged Infrastructure Emergency Rehabilitation Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Proactive approaches to improve procurement readiness, combined with timely effectiveness, will reduce the risk of implementation delays.

Project Number: 36252-013
Project Name: Western Basins Water Resources Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB internal financial management needs to be improved to ensure that audit opinions are provided covering both financial statements and the use of grant and loan proceeds.

Project Number: 36252-013
Project Name: Western Basins Water Resources Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important that ADB commit to a long-term engagement in Afghanistan’s water sector to achieve critical performance and reform milestones.

Project Number: 36252-013
Project Name: Western Basins Water Resources Management Project
Report Date: