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Lesson
The political economy is a key consideration and can result in significant delays especially if counterpart capacity is low.

Project Number: 48206-001
Project Name: Promoting Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
To avoid risk of failure, an umbrella TA should balance out the risk in the portfolio between highly innovative yet risky activities and those with firm disbursement schedules.

Project Number: 48206-001
Project Name: Promoting Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The main lesson is that better planning of consultancy needs can help in more timely recruitment of international and national consultants. In this case, delays in start-up of TASF activities, and non-extension of the Future Cities Program to which TA project was linked, impacted project disbursement. Consultancy overcommitments subsequently required reallocation of cost categories under the TA project.

Project Number: 48206-001
Project Name: Promoting Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Another lesson could be that regional conferences and study tours can also be a useful way to engage stakeholders, rather than relying on a one-way flow of information through dissemination of knowledge products.

Project Number: 48206-001
Project Name: Promoting Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The validation agrees that this is an important lesson especially as this was a cross-cutting gender specific TA project, and especially as this Phase 2 was building on work already undertaken in Phase 1. The TA project thus potentially offers a rich set of lessons; the documentation of lessons of replication is important and could potentially inform approach to how gender can be mainstreamed or scaled up across ADB operations.

Project Number: 48206-001
Project Name: Promoting Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The validation agrees with the TCR lesson on the importance of building ownership of in-country stakeholders.

Project Number: 48206-001
Project Name: Promoting Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
The validation agrees with the lesson that alignment of TA project design with ADB operational priorities and workplans can help ensure smoother implementation, monitoring, and reporting.

Project Number: 48206-001
Project Name: Promoting Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Flexible umbrella TA projects allow for the projects to be opportunistic and take on new initiatives, but there could be implementation challenges and time delays. This also means that not all results may be known at TA project completion. For instance, the subproject on future cities was included through additional TASF resources, but this also required extension and the procurement of additional consultancy services. Although work progressed in the three pilot cities, it is not clear whether this was taken up by the respective governments by the end of the TA project.

Project Number: 48206-001
Project Name: Promoting Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Another internal lesson could be that when introducing additional funding midway through implementation—such as the TASF in this project—the TA needs to closely plan and monitor activities so that the overall TA project implementation is not delayed.

Project Number: 48206-001
Project Name: Promoting Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Sequencing of activities can help to progress implementation. For example, early capacity development and analytical work can help to speed up disbursement, while use of knowledge and evidence comes at a later stage in implementation.

Project Number: 48206-001
Project Name: Promoting Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment (Phase 2)
Report Date:
Lesson
Prompt resolution of tax-related issues by ADB and the government is required to reduce the risk of late financial closure of projects.

Project Number: 36252-013
Project Name: Western Basins Water Resources Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Proactive approaches to improve procurement readiness, combined with timely effectiveness, will reduce the risk of implementation delays.

Project Number: 36252-013
Project Name: Western Basins Water Resources Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB internal financial management needs to be improved to ensure that audit opinions are provided covering both financial statements and the use of grant and loan proceeds.

Project Number: 36252-013
Project Name: Western Basins Water Resources Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is important that ADB commit to a long-term engagement in Afghanistan’s water sector to achieve critical performance and reform milestones.

Project Number: 36252-013
Project Name: Western Basins Water Resources Management Project
Report Date:
Lesson
It is essential that the project design acknowledges women’s role as clients, users, or potential beneficiaries with a gender action plan (GAP) and with target indicators in the design and monitoring framework (DMF).

Project Number: 36252-013
Project Name: Western Basins Water Resources Management Project
Report Date: