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Lesson
Each new outbreak of disease confronts projects such as this one, as well as the implementing partners and global community, with a fresh challenge, because its early spread outpaces the gathering of scientific evidence needed to formulate containment policies. Each successive outbreak is followed by an initial opaque period characterized by a frustrating lack of scientific evidence on which to base policies and technical guidance.

Project Number: 39662-012
Project Name: Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
The rapid launch and accelerated implementation of the project made necessary by the threat that avian influenza would become a pandemic made it difficult to define verifiable indicators for a number of the outputs under the regional capacity building and regional coordination components. A mid-term review of the project would have facilitated a review and updating of the design and monitoring framework.

Project Number: 39662-012
Project Name: Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
The project supported the One Health concept, which emphasizes the links between animal health and human health and emerging animal and human diseases. One Health provided a platform for unprecedented integration of animal, human and ecosystem health issues to fight the threat of avian influenza. The systematic collaboration of technical agencies across disciplines, such as FAO (veterinarians) and WHO (medical doctors) and civil society organizations (community health workers) supported by the project has promoted this concept since the beginning of the project.

Project Number: 39662-012
Project Name: Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB's high-level steering committee demonstrated ADB's institutional support, which enhanced coordination between development partners. The committee, comprising the heads of all regional departments and the Strategy and Policy Department and chaired by the director general of RSDD, provided prompt policy guidance and expedited decisions and actions. It also ensured that the needs of the countries were ascertained and that they had adequate access to project resources.

Project Number: 39662-012
Project Name: Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
ADB was able to use its convening power effectively because it had the necessary in-house technical expertise. Public health experts on ADB's staff with knowledge of emerging infectious diseases were involved in designing and implementing the project. This in-house expertise made the dialogue with the technical and regional agencies to strengthen regional collaboration within and across the animal health and human health sectors possible.

Project Number: 39662-012
Project Name: Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza in Asia and the Pacific
Report Date:
Lesson
During the surveys and preparation of road works design, more attention should be paid to the current and expected needs of pedestrians in road sections passing through villages.

Project Number: 40610-013
Project Name: Rural Road Sector Project
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Lesson
The roles and responsibilities of road network development and management are unclear. Stronger government commitment is needed to develop the road sector.

Project Number: 40610-013
Project Name: Rural Road Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
An ADB review identified shortcomings on some road construction works and poor quality in engineer's cost estimates. These were caused mainly by inadequate designs or poor contractual works and materials. ADB needs to ensure strict compliance with contractors' contractual specifications. Contractors should be held accountable for poor contract performance or substandard materials before the defect liability period following the contract agreements.

Project Number: 40610-013
Project Name: Rural Road Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
Sufficient contingency is needed to cover cost increases. For future projects, design-build contracting can ensure better engineering and mitigate the risk of price escalation.

Project Number: 40610-013
Project Name: Rural Road Sector Project
Report Date:
Lesson
At appraisal, ADB overestimated Armenian Roads Directorate (ARD's) capability to procure consultant services for subproject preparation and construction supervision. For future projects, a more detailed capacity assessment of the executing and implementing agencies is needed during project processing.

Project Number: 40610-013
Project Name: Rural Road Sector Project
Report Date: